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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">esoil</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Бюллетень Почвенного института имени В.В. Докучаева</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Dokuchaev Soil Bulletin</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">0136-1694</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2312-4202</issn><publisher><publisher-name>V.V. Dokuchaev Soil Science Institute</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.19047/0136-1694-2025-125-78-110</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">esoil-1008</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Статьи</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Пирогенная деградация и потери углерода на выработанном осушенном верховом торфянике</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Pyrogenic degradation and carbon loss in cut-over drained peatland</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5389-7243</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Анциферова</surname><given-names>О. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Antsiferova</surname><given-names>О. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Анциферова Ольга Алексеевна – профессор, кафедра агрономии и агроэкологии, Институт агроинженерии и пищевых систем КГТУ.</p><p>236041, Калининград, ул. Александра Невского, 14; 236022, Калининград, Советский проспект, 1</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>14 A. Nevskogo St., Kaliningrad 236041; 1 Sovetsky Prospekt, Kaliningrad 236022</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">olga.antsiferova@klgtu.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Балтийский Федеральный университет им. И. Канта; ФГБОУ ВО “Калининградский государственный технический университет”</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Immanuel Kant Baltic Federal University; Kaliningrad State Technical University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>09</day><month>11</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>125</issue><fpage>78</fpage><lpage>110</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Анциферова О.А., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Анциферова О.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Antsiferova О.A.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://bulletin.esoil.ru/jour/article/view/1008">https://bulletin.esoil.ru/jour/article/view/1008</self-uri><abstract><p>Современные климатические изменения обостряют проблему торфяных пожаров и требуют выработки единого методического подхода для оценки потерь углерода. Исследование проведено в 2024–2025 гг. на территории выработанного торфяного месторождения верхового типа, подвергшегося пожарам в 2011 г. и расположенного в пределах Калининградской области (Юго-Восточная Прибалтика). Методология сочетает традиционные подходы почвоведения (профильный метод) с геоботаническими приемами выявления индикаторной роли древесной растительности при определении глубины прогорания и осадки постпирогенной поверхности. В качестве основы прикладной оценки пирогенно-измененных почв использована классификация интенсивности почвенных пожаров по глубине выгорания торфяного слоя, принятая в области лесной пирологии. На примере двух тестовых участков, отличающихся строением остаточной торфяной залежи, мощностью органогенного профиля и локальными особенностями осушения, изучены потери углерода в полосе кавальеров и на торфяных картах. Показано, что при слабых пожарах происходит пирогенная деградация преимущественно верхних слоев торфяных почв, что сопровождается потерями от 5.31 до 20.2 кг С/м2. При пожарах средней интенсивности пирогенная деградация захватывает как верхние, так и глубокие слои торфяного профиля с образованием подземных полостей выгорания, а также горизонтов термически измененного торфа. Потери углерода возрастают до 24.5–36.7 кг С/м2. В очагах сильных пожаров весь торфяной профиль, исходно представлявший залежь смешанного типа, подвергается пирогенной деградации с необратимой потерей большей части горизонтов и общей убылью углерода 50.36–65.40 кг С/м2. Участки сильных пожаров приурочены к почвам кавальеров. В пространственном аспекте потери углерода складываются из долевого участия очагов пожаров разной силы в общей мозаичной картине постпирогенной поверхности. Густая сеть открытых мелких каналов способствует быстрому распространению пожара внутрь торфяника по кавальерам, что в итоге приводит к высоким площадным потерям углерода за счет более глубокой пирогенной деградации почв на торфяных картах.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Modern climate change exacerbates the problem of peat fires and requires a unified methodological approach for assessing carbon losses. The study was conducted in 2024–2025 on the territory of a developed high-moor peat deposit that was affected by fires in 2011 and is located within the Kaliningrad region (South-Eastern Baltic region). The methodology combines traditional approaches of soil science (profile method) with geobotanical techniques of revealing the indicator role of woody vegetation in determining the depth of burning and precipitation of the post-pyrogenic surface. As a basis for the applied assessment of pyrogenically altered soils, the classification of the intensity of soil fires by the depth of burning of the peat layer, adopted in the field of forest pyrology, is used. Using the example of two test sites with different residual peat deposits, organic profile thickness, and local drainage features, we studied carbon losses in the cavalier strip and on peat maps. It was shown that weak fires cause pyrogenic degradation of the upper layers of peat soils, resulting in losses ranging from 5.31 to 20.2 kg C/m2. In medium-intensity fires, pyrogenic degradation affects both the upper and lower layers of the peat profile, resulting in the formation of underground combustion cavities and thermally altered peat horizons. Carbon losses increase to 24.5–36.7 kg C/m2. In the areas of strong fires, the entire peat profile, which was originally a mixed-type deposit, undergoes pyrogenic degradation with an irreversible loss of most of the horizons and a total carbon loss of 50.36–65.40 kg C/m2. The areas of strong fires are confined to the soils of the cavalier. In the spatial aspect, carbon losses are composed of the share of fire foci of different strength in the overall mosaic pattern of the post-pyrogenic surface. A dense network of open shallow channels contributes to the rapid spread of fire into the peatland along the cavalier, which ultimately leads to high area-based carbon losses due to deeper pyrogenic degradation of soils on peat maps.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>болотные почвы</kwd><kwd>торфяные пожары</kwd><kwd>глубина прогорания</kwd><kwd>пирогенные потери углерода</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>bog soils</kwd><kwd>peat fires</kwd><kwd>depth of burning</kwd><kwd>pyrogenic carbon losses</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Работа выполнена в рамках государственного задания БФУ им. И. Канта по теме НИР “Климатический мониторинг природных и антропогенных систем Калининградской области в условиях глобальных изменений окружающей среды” (FZWM-2024-0015) в части реализации проекта Министерства науки и высшего образования РФ по созданию карбоновых полигонов.</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">The work was carried out within the framework of the state assignment of the Immanuel Kant Baltic Federal University on the research topic “Climate monitoring of natural and anthropogenic systems of the Kaliningrad region in the context of global environmental change” (FZWM-2024-0015), and in particular as implementation of the project of the Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Russian Federation on the creation of carbon polygons.</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Анциферова О.А. 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