esoilБюллетень Почвенного института имени В.В. ДокучаеваDokuchaev Soil Bulletin0136-16942312-4202V.V. Dokuchaev Soil Science Institute10.19047/0136-1694-2026-129-5-26esoil-1050Research ArticleСтатьиПодземная распределенная сеть мониторинга состояния почвыUnderground distributed IoT soil monitoring networkИвановА. Л.IvanovA. L.

119017, Москва, Пыжевский пер, 7, стр. 2

7 Bld. 2 Pyzhevskiy per., Moscow 119

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8264-3266БолотовА. Г.BolotovA. G.

119017, Москва, Пыжевский пер, 7, стр. 2

Bld. 2 Pyzhevskiy per., Moscow

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9851-5381ФильП. П.FilP. P.

119017, Москва, Пыжевский пер, 7, стр. 2

7 Bld. 2 Pyzhevskiy per., Moscow 119017

philpaulp@esoil.ruБаматовИ. М.BamatovI. M.

170530, Тверская обл., п. Эммаусс, 27

27 Emmaus, Tver Region 170530

ФИЦ “Почвенный институт им. В.В. Докучаева”РоссияFederal Research Centre “V.V. Dokuchaev Soil Science Institute”Russian FederationВсероссийский научно-исследовательский институт мелиорированных земель – филиал Почвенного института им. В.В. ДокучаеваРоссияAll-Russian Research Institute of Reclaimed Lands – V.V. Dokuchaev Soil Science Institute affiliationRussian Federation2026011020260129526Copyright © Иванов А.Л., Болотов А.Г., Филь П.П., Баматов И.М., 20262026Иванов А.Л., Болотов А.Г., Филь П.П., Баматов И.М.Ivanov A.L., Bolotov A.G., Fil P.P., Bamatov I.M.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://bulletin.esoil.ru/jour/article/view/1050

В работе рассматривается возможность использования технологии узкополосной фазоманипулирующей связи для реализации системы мониторинга подповерхностных слоев почв. Полевые испытания проведены в 2024 г. на агрополигоне ВНИИМЗ (Тверская область) на дерново-подзолистых среднесуглинистых почвах. Три радиомодема NB-Fi BT100 последовательно размещались в девяти точках на расстояниях порядка 300–1300 м от базовой станции и заглублялись на 20 и 40 см, имитируя работу узлов подземной сети. Телеметрические данные передавались один раз в сутки, качество радиоканала оценивалось по значениям отношения сигнал/шум и мощности принимаемого сигнала (SNR и RSSI). Выявлено, что при установке радиомодемов на глубине 20–40 см устойчивый прием информационных пакетов на надземной базовой станции сохраняется во всем диапазоне расстояний, а значения SNR (~5–25 дБ, с максимумами до 30–33 дБ) и RSSI (от -90 до -140 дБм) остаются выше порогов чувствительности приемника. Таким образом, эксперимент продемонстрировал, что рассматриваемая технология может быть использована в качестве подземного канала связи при создании распределенных систем мониторинга состояния подповерхностных слоев почв без вывода антенн на поверхность.

This paper examines the feasibility of using a narrowband phase-shift keying (PSK) communication technology to implement a subsurface soil monitoring system. Field trials were carried out in 2024 at the VNIIMZ agro-experimental site (Tver Oblast, Russia) on loamy sod-podzolic soils. Three NB-Fi BT100 radio modems were deployed sequentially at nine locations at distances of about 300–1300 m from the base station and buried at depths of 20 and 40 cm to emulate underground network nodes. Telemetry data were transmitted once per day, and the radio link quality was evaluated using the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) and the received signal strength indicator (RSSI). It was found that when the radio modems were installed at depths of 20–40 cm, stable reception of data packets was maintained over the entire range of distances, while SNR values (~5–25 dB, with maxima up to 30–33 dB) and RSSI values (from –90 to –140 dBm) remained above the receiver sensitivity thresholds. Thus, the experiment demonstrates that the considered technology can be used as a subsurface communication channel for distributed soil monitoring systems without bringing antennas to the surface.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.