<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//NLM//DTD JATS (Z39.96) Journal Publishing DTD v1.3 20210610//EN" "JATS-journalpublishing1-3.dtd">
<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">esoil</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Бюллетень Почвенного института имени В.В. Докучаева</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Dokuchaev Soil Bulletin</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">0136-1694</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2312-4202</issn><publisher><publisher-name>V.V. Dokuchaev Soil Science Institute</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.19047/0136-1694-2017-90-3-38</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">esoil-261</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Статьи</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Развитие учения о гумусе и почвенном органическом веществе: от Тюрина и Ваксмана до наших дней</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>The Development of Theory on Humus and Soil Organic Matter: from Turin and Waksman to Present Days</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Иванов</surname><given-names>А. Л.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Ivanov</surname><given-names>A. L.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Когут</surname><given-names>Б. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kogut</surname><given-names>B. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">kogutb@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Семенов</surname><given-names>В. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Semenov</surname><given-names>V. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Тюрина Оберландер</surname><given-names>М. .</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Turina Oberlander</surname><given-names>M. .</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ваксман Шанбахер</surname><given-names>Н. .</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Waksman Schanbacher</surname><given-names>N. .</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Почвенный институт им. В.В. Докучаева</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>V.V. Dokuchaev Soil Science Institute</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Институт физико-химических и биологических проблем почвоведения РАН</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Institute of Physicochemical and Biological Problems in Soil Science, RAS</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>США 19066, Пенсильвания, станция Мерион, Валей роуд, 218</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Waksman Foundation for Microbiology</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2017</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>01</day><month>09</month><year>2017</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>90</issue><fpage>3</fpage><lpage>38</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Иванов А.Л., Когут Б.М., Семенов В.М., Тюрина Оберландер М..., Ваксман Шанбахер Н..., 2017</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2017</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Иванов А.Л., Когут Б.М., Семенов В.М., Тюрина Оберландер М..., Ваксман Шанбахер Н...</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Ivanov A.L., Kogut B.M., Semenov V.M., Turina Oberlander M..., Waksman Schanbacher N...</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://bulletin.esoil.ru/jour/article/view/261">https://bulletin.esoil.ru/jour/article/view/261</self-uri><abstract><p>Отмечены особые заслуги З.А. Ваксмана и И.В. Тюрина в становлении теории познания гумуса и органического вещества почв. Представлены малоизвестные страницы из жизни этих выдающихся ученых-экспериментаторов, основоположников двух школ и признанных лидеров в исследовании почвенного органического вещества. Дан сравнительный анализ взглядов И.В. Тюрина и З.А. Ваксмана на происхождение, состав и свойства почвенного органического вещества. Изложены современные концептуальные подходы, способы и методы фракционирования органического вещества почв. Рассмотрены альтернативные точки зрения И.В. Тюрина и З.А. Ваксмана на гуминовые вещества почв. Приведен краткий аналитический обзор литературы по гетерополимерным и супрамолекулярным моделям строения гуминовых веществ почв.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>He special merits of Z.A. Waksman and I.V. Turin are marked in the development of soil humus and organic matter theory. Little-known pages ex vivo of these outstanding experimentalist scientists, founders of two schools and acknowledged leaders in the investigation of the soil organic matter, are presented in the article. A comparative analysis of theories by I.V. Turin and Z.A. Waksman on the origins, composition and properties of the soil organic matter is given. Actual conceptions, ways and methods of the organic matter fractioning are described in the work. The alternative points of view on the humine matters of soils by I. V. Turin and Z. A. Waksman are considered. A brief review on the heteropolymeric and supramolecular models of soil humic matter composition is presented.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>органическое вещество почв</kwd><kwd>гумус</kwd><kwd>гуминовые вещества</kwd><kwd>soil organic matter</kwd><kwd>humus</kwd><kwd>humus matter</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Александрова Л.Н. Органическое вещество почвы и процессы его трансформации. Л.: Наука, 1980. 288 с.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Александрова Л.Н. Органическое вещество почвы и процессы его трансформации. Л.: Наука, 1980. 288 с.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit2"><label>2</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Артемьева З.С. Органическое вещество и гранулометрическая система почвы. М.: ГЕОС, 2010. 240 с.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Артемьева З.С. Органическое вещество и гранулометрическая система почвы. М.: ГЕОС, 2010. 240 с.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit3"><label>3</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Ваксман С.А. Гумус. Происхождение, химический состав и значение его в природе. М.: Огиз-Сельхозгиз, 1937. 471 с.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Ваксман С.А. Гумус. Происхождение, химический состав и значение его в природе. М.: Огиз-Сельхозгиз, 1937. 471 с.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit4"><label>4</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Когут Б.М. Принципы и методы оценки содержания трансформируемого органического вещества в пахотных почвах // Почвоведение. 2003. № 3. С. 308-316.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Когут Б.М. Принципы и методы оценки содержания трансформируемого органического вещества в пахотных почвах // Почвоведение. 2003. № 3. С. 308-316.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit5"><label>5</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Когут Б.М., Семенов В.М. Эволюция доминирующих парадигм в учении о гумусе и почвенном органическом веществе // Агрохимия. 2015. № 12. С. 3-19.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Когут Б.М., Семенов В.М. Эволюция доминирующих парадигм в учении о гумусе и почвенном органическом веществе // Агрохимия. 2015. № 12. С. 3-19.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit6"><label>6</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Кононова М.М. Органическое вещество почвы. Его природа, свойства и методы изучения. М.: Изд-во АН СССР, 1963. 314 с.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Кононова М.М. Органическое вещество почвы. Его природа, свойства и методы изучения. М.: Изд-во АН СССР, 1963. 314 с.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit7"><label>7</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Ларионова А.А., Золотарева Б.Н., Евдокимов И.В., Быховец С.С., Кузяков Я.В., Бюггер Ф. Идентификация лабильного и устойчивого пулов органического вещества в агросерой почве // Почвоведение. 2011. № 6. С. 685-698.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Ларионова А.А., Золотарева Б.Н., Евдокимов И.В., Быховец С.С., Кузяков Я.В., Бюггер Ф. Идентификация лабильного и устойчивого пулов органического вещества в агросерой почве // Почвоведение. 2011. № 6. С. 685-698.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit8"><label>8</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Орлов Д.С. Гумусовые кислоты почв и общая теория гумификации. М.: Изд-во Моск. ун-та, 1990. 325 с.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Орлов Д.С. Гумусовые кислоты почв и общая теория гумификации. М.: Изд-во Моск. ун-та, 1990. 325 с.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit9"><label>9</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Орлов Д.С., Бирюкова О.Н., Суханова Н.И. Органическое вещество почв Российской Федерации. М.: Наука, 1996. 256 с.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Орлов Д.С., Бирюкова О.Н., Суханова Н.И. Органическое вещество почв Российской Федерации. М.: Наука, 1996. 256 с.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit10"><label>10</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Перминова И.В. Анализ, классификация и прогноз свойств гумусовых кислот: Автореф. дис. … докт. хим. н. М., 2000. 50 с.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Перминова И.В. Анализ, классификация и прогноз свойств гумусовых кислот: Автореф. дис. … докт. хим. н. М., 2000. 50 с.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit11"><label>11</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Семенов В.М., Иванникова Л.А., Кузнецова Т.В., Семенова Н.А. Роль растительной биомассы в формировании активного пула органического вещества почвы // Почвоведение. 2004. № 11. С. 1350-1359.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Семенов В.М., Иванникова Л.А., Кузнецова Т.В., Семенова Н.А. Роль растительной биомассы в формировании активного пула органического вещества почвы // Почвоведение. 2004. № 11. С. 1350-1359.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit12"><label>12</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Семенов В.М., Когут Б.М. Почвенное органическое вещество. М.: ГЕОС, 2015. 233 с.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Семенов В.М., Когут Б.М. Почвенное органическое вещество. М.: ГЕОС, 2015. 233 с.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit13"><label>13</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Семенов В.М., Кравченко И.К., Иванникова Л.А., Кузнецова Т.В., Семенова Н.А., Гисперт М., Пардини Дж. Экспериментальное определение активного органического вещества почвы природных и сельскохозяйственных экосистем // Почвоведение. 2006. № 3. С. 282-292. 10.7868/S0032180X13040114</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Семенов В.М., Кравченко И.К., Иванникова Л.А., Кузнецова Т.В., Семенова Н.А., Гисперт М., Пардини Дж. Экспериментальное определение активного органического вещества почвы природных и сельскохозяйственных экосистем // Почвоведение. 2006. № 3. С. 282-292. 10.7868/S0032180X13040114</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit14"><label>14</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Семенов В.М., Тулина А.С., Семенова Н.А., Иванникова Л.А. Гумификационные и негумификационные пути стабилизации органического вещества в почве (обзор) // Почвоведение. 2013. № 4. С. 393-407.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Семенов В.М., Тулина А.С., Семенова Н.А., Иванникова Л.А. Гумификационные и негумификационные пути стабилизации органического вещества в почве (обзор) // Почвоведение. 2013. № 4. С. 393-407.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit15"><label>15</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Титова Н.А., Когут Б.М. Трансформация органического вещества при сельскохозяйственном использовании почв // Итоги науки и техники (серия почвоведение и агрохимия). Т. 8. М.: Изд-во ВИНИТИ, 1991. 156 с.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Титова Н.А., Когут Б.М. Трансформация органического вещества при сельскохозяйственном использовании почв // Итоги науки и техники (серия почвоведение и агрохимия). Т. 8. М.: Изд-во ВИНИТИ, 1991. 156 с.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit16"><label>16</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Травникова Л.С. Органоминеральные взаимодействия: роль в процессах формирования почв, их плодородия и устойчивости к деградации. М.: Почв. ин-т им. В.В. Докучаева, 2012. 296 с.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Травникова Л.С. Органоминеральные взаимодействия: роль в процессах формирования почв, их плодородия и устойчивости к деградации. М.: Почв. ин-т им. В.В. Докучаева, 2012. 296 с.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit17"><label>17</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Шаймухаметов М.Ш., Титова Н.А., Травникова Л.С., Лабенец Е.М. Применение физических методов фракционирования для характеристики органического вещества почв // Почвоведение. 1984. № 10. С. 131-141.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Шаймухаметов М.Ш., Титова Н.А., Травникова Л.С., Лабенец Е.М. Применение физических методов фракционирования для характеристики органического вещества почв // Почвоведение. 1984. № 10. С. 131-141.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit18"><label>18</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Тюрин И.В. Органическое вещество почв и его роль в почвообразовании и плодородии. Учение о почвенном гумусе. М.-Л.: Сельхозгиз, 1937, 287 с.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Тюрин И.В. Органическое вещество почв и его роль в почвообразовании и плодородии. Учение о почвенном гумусе. М.-Л.: Сельхозгиз, 1937, 287 с.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit19"><label>19</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Albers C.N., Banta G.T., Jacobsen O.S., Hansen P.E. Characterization and structural modelling of humic substances in field soil displaying significant differences from previously proposed structures // Eur. J. Soil Sci. 2008. V. 59. P. 693-705.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Albers C.N., Banta G.T., Jacobsen O.S., Hansen P.E. Characterization and structural modelling of humic substances in field soil displaying significant differences from previously proposed structures // Eur. J. Soil Sci. 2008. V. 59. P. 693-705.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit20"><label>20</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Baigorri R., Fuentes M., Gonzalez-Gaitano G., Garcia-Mina J.M. Analysis of molecular aggregation in humic substances in solution // Colloids and Surfaces. A: Physicochemical and Engineering Aspects. 2007. V. 302. P. 301-306.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Baigorri R., Fuentes M., Gonzalez-Gaitano G., Garcia-Mina J.M. Analysis of molecular aggregation in humic substances in solution // Colloids and Surfaces. A: Physicochemical and Engineering Aspects. 2007. V. 302. P. 301-306.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit21"><label>21</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Burdon J. Are the traditional concepts of the structures of humic substances realistic? // Soil Science. 2001. V. 166(11). P. 752-769.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Burdon J. Are the traditional concepts of the structures of humic substances realistic? // Soil Science. 2001. V. 166(11). P. 752-769.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit22"><label>22</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Cambardella C.A., Elliott E.T. Particulate soil organic matter across a grassland cultivation sequence // Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J. 1992. V. 56. P. 777-783.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Cambardella C.A., Elliott E.T. Particulate soil organic matter across a grassland cultivation sequence // Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J. 1992. V. 56. P. 777-783.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit23"><label>23</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Christensen B.T. Physical fractionation of soil and structural and functional complexity in organic matter turnover // Eur. J. Soil Sci. 2001. V. 52. P. 345-353.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Christensen B.T. Physical fractionation of soil and structural and functional complexity in organic matter turnover // Eur. J. Soil Sci. 2001. V. 52. P. 345-353.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit24"><label>24</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Coelho R.R.R., Sacramento D.R., Linhares L.F. Amino sugars in fungal melanins and soil humic acids // European J. Soil Sci. 1997. V. 48. P. 425-429.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Coelho R.R.R., Sacramento D.R., Linhares L.F. Amino sugars in fungal melanins and soil humic acids // European J. Soil Sci. 1997. V. 48. P. 425-429.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit25"><label>25</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Epstein E.A., Chapman M.R. Polymerizing the fibre between bacteria and host cells: the biogenesis of functional amyloid fibres // Cellular Microbiology. 2008. V. 10. P. 1413-1420.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Epstein E.A., Chapman M.R. Polymerizing the fibre between bacteria and host cells: the biogenesis of functional amyloid fibres // Cellular Microbiology. 2008. V. 10. P. 1413-1420.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit26"><label>26</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Fang X., Chua T., Schmidt-Rohr K., Thompson M.L. Quantitative 13C NMR of whole and fractionated Iowa Mollisols for assessment of organic matter composition // Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta. 2010. V. 74 (2). P. 584-598.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Fang X., Chua T., Schmidt-Rohr K., Thompson M.L. Quantitative 13C NMR of whole and fractionated Iowa Mollisols for assessment of organic matter composition // Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta. 2010. V. 74 (2). P. 584-598.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit27"><label>27</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Grandy A.S., Neff J.C. Molecular C dynamics downstream: The biochemical decomposition sequence and its impact on soil organic matter structure and function // Sci. Total Environ. 2008. V. 404. P. 297-307.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Grandy A.S., Neff J.C. Molecular C dynamics downstream: The biochemical decomposition sequence and its impact on soil organic matter structure and function // Sci. Total Environ. 2008. V. 404. P. 297-307.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit28"><label>28</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Gregorich E.G., Beare M.H., McKim U.F., Skjemstad J.O. Chemical and Biological Characteristics of Physically Uncomplexed Organic Matter // Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J. 2006. V. 70. P. 975-985.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Gregorich E.G., Beare M.H., McKim U.F., Skjemstad J.O. Chemical and Biological Characteristics of Physically Uncomplexed Organic Matter // Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J. 2006. V. 70. P. 975-985.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit29"><label>29</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Haider K., Martin J. P., Filip Z. Humus biochemistry. In: E. A. Paul and A. D. McLaren (ed.), Biochemistry. V. 4. Marcel Dekker Inc., New York. 1975. p. 218-227.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Haider K., Martin J. P., Filip Z. Humus biochemistry. In: E. A. Paul and A. D. McLaren (ed.), Biochemistry. V. 4. Marcel Dekker Inc., New York. 1975. p. 218-227.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit30"><label>30</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Haile-Mariam S., Collins H.P., Wright S., Paul E.A. Fractionation and Long-Term Laboratory Incubation to Measure Soil Organic Matter Dynamics // Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J. 2008. V. 72. P. 370-378.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Haile-Mariam S., Collins H.P., Wright S., Paul E.A. Fractionation and Long-Term Laboratory Incubation to Measure Soil Organic Matter Dynamics // Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J. 2008. V. 72. P. 370-378.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit31"><label>31</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Hayes M.H.B. Solvent systems for the isolation of organic components from soils // Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J. 2006. V. 70. P. 986-994.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Hayes M.H.B. Solvent systems for the isolation of organic components from soils // Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J. 2006. V. 70. P. 986-994.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit32"><label>32</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Hayes M.H.B., Clapp C.E. Humic substances: considerations of compositions, aspects of structure, and environmental influences // Soil Sci. 2001. P. 166. P. 723-737.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Hayes M.H.B., Clapp C.E. Humic substances: considerations of compositions, aspects of structure, and environmental influences // Soil Sci. 2001. P. 166. P. 723-737.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit33"><label>33</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Helfrich M., Flessa H., Mikutta R., Dreves A., Ludwig B. Comparison of chemical fractionation methods for isolating stable soil organic carbon pools // Eur. J. Soil Sci. 2007. V. 58. P. 1316-1329.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Helfrich M., Flessa H., Mikutta R., Dreves A., Ludwig B. Comparison of chemical fractionation methods for isolating stable soil organic carbon pools // Eur. J. Soil Sci. 2007. V. 58. P. 1316-1329.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit34"><label>34</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Kalbitz K., Schmerwitz J., Schwesig D., Matzner E. Biodegradation of soil-derived dissolved organic matter as related to its properties // Geoderma. 2003. V. 113. No. 3-4. P. 273-291.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kalbitz K., Schmerwitz J., Schwesig D., Matzner E. Biodegradation of soil-derived dissolved organic matter as related to its properties // Geoderma. 2003. V. 113. No. 3-4. P. 273-291.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit35"><label>35</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Kelleher B.P., Simpson A.J. Humic substances in soils: are they really chemically distinct? // Environmental science and technology. 2006. V. 40. P. 4605-4611.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kelleher B.P., Simpson A.J. Humic substances in soils: are they really chemically distinct? // Environmental science and technology. 2006. V. 40. P. 4605-4611.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit36"><label>36</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Kleber M., Johnson M.G. Advances in understanding the molecular structure of soil organic matter: Implications for interactions in the environment // Advances in Agronomy. 2010. V. 106. P. 77-142.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kleber M., Johnson M.G. Advances in understanding the molecular structure of soil organic matter: Implications for interactions in the environment // Advances in Agronomy. 2010. V. 106. P. 77-142.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit37"><label>37</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Kleber M., Sollins P., Sutton R. A conceptual model of organo-mineral interactions in soils: self-assembly of organic molecular fragments into zonal structures on mineral surfaces // Biogeochemistry. 2007. V. 85. P. 9-24.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kleber M., Sollins P., Sutton R. A conceptual model of organo-mineral interactions in soils: self-assembly of organic molecular fragments into zonal structures on mineral surfaces // Biogeochemistry. 2007. V. 85. P. 9-24.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit38"><label>38</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Kogut B.M., Semenov V.M. Theoretical concepts about organic matter, humus, humic substances in soils and their adequate experimental determination // Biogenic-abiogenic interactions in natural and anthropogenic systems. V Intern. Symp. Saint Petersburg: VVM Publishing Lld., 2014. P. 105-106.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kogut B.M., Semenov V.M. Theoretical concepts about organic matter, humus, humic substances in soils and their adequate experimental determination // Biogenic-abiogenic interactions in natural and anthropogenic systems. V Intern. Symp. Saint Petersburg: VVM Publishing Lld., 2014. P. 105-106.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit39"><label>39</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Körschens M., Weigel A., Schulz E. Turnover of soil organic matter (SOM) and long-term balances - tools for evaluating sustainable productivity of soils // Zeitschrift für Pflanzenernährung und Bodenkunde. 1998. V. 161. P. 409-424.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Körschens M., Weigel A., Schulz E. Turnover of soil organic matter (SOM) and long-term balances - tools for evaluating sustainable productivity of soils // Zeitschrift für Pflanzenernährung und Bodenkunde. 1998. V. 161. P. 409-424.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit40"><label>40</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Lehmann J., Kleber M. The contentious nature of soil organic matter // Nature. 2015. V. 528. P. 60-68.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Lehmann J., Kleber M. The contentious nature of soil organic matter // Nature. 2015. V. 528. P. 60-68.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit41"><label>41</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Liang C., Cheng G., Wixon D.L., Balser T.C. An absorbing Markov Chain approach to understanding the microbial role in soil carbon stabilization // Biogeochemistry. 2011. V. 106. P. 303-309.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Liang C., Cheng G., Wixon D.L., Balser T.C. An absorbing Markov Chain approach to understanding the microbial role in soil carbon stabilization // Biogeochemistry. 2011. V. 106. P. 303-309.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit42"><label>42</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">MacCarthy P. The principles of humic substances // Soil Science. 2001. V. 166 (11). P. 738-751.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">MacCarthy P. The principles of humic substances // Soil Science. 2001. V. 166 (11). P. 738-751.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit43"><label>43</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Magdoff F., Weil R.R. Soil organic matter management strategies // Soil organic matter in sustainable agriculture / Eds. Magdoff F., Weil R.R. Boca Raton etc: CRC Press, 2004. P. 45-65.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Magdoff F., Weil R.R. Soil organic matter management strategies // Soil organic matter in sustainable agriculture / Eds. Magdoff F., Weil R.R. Boca Raton etc: CRC Press, 2004. P. 45-65.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit44"><label>44</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Manlay R.J., Feller C., Swift M.J. Historical evolution of soil organic matter concepts and their relationships with the fertility and sustainability of cropping systems // Agriculture, Ecosystems and Environment. 2007. V. 119. P. 217-233.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Manlay R.J., Feller C., Swift M.J. Historical evolution of soil organic matter concepts and their relationships with the fertility and sustainability of cropping systems // Agriculture, Ecosystems and Environment. 2007. V. 119. P. 217-233.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit45"><label>45</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Motavalli P.P., Palm C.A., Parton W.J., Elliott E.T., Frey S.D. Comparison of laboratory and modeling simulation methods for estimating soil carbon pools in tropical forest soils // Soil Biol. Biochem. 1994. V. 26. P. 935-944.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Motavalli P.P., Palm C.A., Parton W.J., Elliott E.T., Frey S.D. Comparison of laboratory and modeling simulation methods for estimating soil carbon pools in tropical forest soils // Soil Biol. Biochem. 1994. V. 26. P. 935-944.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit46"><label>46</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Olk D.C., Gregorich E.G. Overview of the symposium proceedings. Meaningful pools in determining soil carbon and nitrogen dynamics. // Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J. 2006. V. 70. P. 967-974.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Olk D.C., Gregorich E.G. Overview of the symposium proceedings. Meaningful pools in determining soil carbon and nitrogen dynamics. // Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J. 2006. V. 70. P. 967-974.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit47"><label>47</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Pédrot M., Dia A., Davranche M. Dynamic structure of humic substances: Rare earth elements as a fingerprint // J. Colloid Interface Sci. 2010. V. 345. P. 206-213.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Pédrot M., Dia A., Davranche M. Dynamic structure of humic substances: Rare earth elements as a fingerprint // J. Colloid Interface Sci. 2010. V. 345. P. 206-213.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit48"><label>48</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Piccolo A. The supramolecular structure of humic substances // Soil Science. 2001. V. 166(11). P. 810-832.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Piccolo A. The supramolecular structure of humic substances // Soil Science. 2001. V. 166(11). P. 810-832.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit49"><label>49</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Piccolo A. The supramolecular structure of humic substances: A novel understanding of humus chemistry and implications in soil science // Adv. Agronomy. 2002. V. 75. P. 57-134.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Piccolo A. The supramolecular structure of humic substances: A novel understanding of humus chemistry and implications in soil science // Adv. Agronomy. 2002. V. 75. P. 57-134.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit50"><label>50</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Plante A.F., Fernández, J.M. Haddix M.L., Steinweg J.M., Conant R.T. Biological, chemical and thermal indices of soil organic matter stability in four grassland soils // Soil Biol. Biochem. 2011. V. 43. P. 1051-1058.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Plante A.F., Fernández, J.M. Haddix M.L., Steinweg J.M., Conant R.T. Biological, chemical and thermal indices of soil organic matter stability in four grassland soils // Soil Biol. Biochem. 2011. V. 43. P. 1051-1058.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit51"><label>51</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Rice J.A. Humin // Soil Science. 2001. V. 166(11). P. 848-857.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Rice J.A. Humin // Soil Science. 2001. V. 166(11). P. 848-857.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit52"><label>52</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Rillig M.C. Arbuscular mycorrhizae, glomalin and soil quality // Canadian J. Soil Sci. 2004. V. 84. P. 355-363.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Rillig M.C. Arbuscular mycorrhizae, glomalin and soil quality // Canadian J. Soil Sci. 2004. V. 84. P. 355-363.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit53"><label>53</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Rillig M.C., Caldwell B.A., Wosten H.A.B., Sollins P. Role of proteins in soil carbon and nitrogen storage: controls on persistence // Biogeochemistry. 2007. V. 85. P. 25-44.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Rillig M.C., Caldwell B.A., Wosten H.A.B., Sollins P. Role of proteins in soil carbon and nitrogen storage: controls on persistence // Biogeochemistry. 2007. V. 85. P. 25-44.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit54"><label>54</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Rovira P., Jorba M., Romanyà J. Active and passive organic matter fractions in Mediterranean forest soils // Biol. Fertil. Soils. 2010. V. 46. P. 355-369.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Rovira P., Jorba M., Romanyà J. Active and passive organic matter fractions in Mediterranean forest soils // Biol. Fertil. Soils. 2010. V. 46. P. 355-369.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit55"><label>55</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Schaeffer A., Nannipieri P., Kästner M., Schmidt B., Botterweck J. From humic substances to soil organic matter - microbial contributions. In honour of Konrad Haider and James P. Martin for their outstanding research contribution to soil science // J. Soils Sediments. 2015. V. 15 (9). P. 1865-1881.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Schaeffer A., Nannipieri P., Kästner M., Schmidt B., Botterweck J. From humic substances to soil organic matter - microbial contributions. In honour of Konrad Haider and James P. Martin for their outstanding research contribution to soil science // J. Soils Sediments. 2015. V. 15 (9). P. 1865-1881.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit56"><label>56</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Schwendenmann L., Pendall E. Response of soil organic matter dynamics to conversion from tropical forest to grassland as determined by long-term incubation // Biol. Fertil. Soils. 2008. V. 44. P. 1053-1062.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Schwendenmann L., Pendall E. Response of soil organic matter dynamics to conversion from tropical forest to grassland as determined by long-term incubation // Biol. Fertil. Soils. 2008. V. 44. P. 1053-1062.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit57"><label>57</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Schmidt M.W.I., Torn M.S., Abiven S., Dittmar T., Guggenberger G., Janssens I.A., Kleber M., Kögel-Knabner I., Lehmann J., Manning D.A.C, Nannipieri P., Rasse D.P., Weiner S., Trumbore S.E. Persistence of soil organic matter as an ecosystem property // Nature. 2011. V. 478. P. 49-56.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Schmidt M.W.I., Torn M.S., Abiven S., Dittmar T., Guggenberger G., Janssens I.A., Kleber M., Kögel-Knabner I., Lehmann J., Manning D.A.C, Nannipieri P., Rasse D.P., Weiner S., Trumbore S.E. Persistence of soil organic matter as an ecosystem property // Nature. 2011. V. 478. P. 49-56.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit58"><label>58</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Simpson A. Multidimensional solution state NMR of humic substances: a practical guide and review // Soil Science. 2001. V. 166 (11). P. 795-809.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Simpson A. Multidimensional solution state NMR of humic substances: a practical guide and review // Soil Science. 2001. V. 166 (11). P. 795-809.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit59"><label>59</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Simpson A.J. Determining the molecular weight, aggregation, structures and interactions of natural organic matter using diffusion ordered spectroscopy // Magnetic Resonance in Chemistry. 2002. V. 40. P. S72-S82.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Simpson A.J. Determining the molecular weight, aggregation, structures and interactions of natural organic matter using diffusion ordered spectroscopy // Magnetic Resonance in Chemistry. 2002. V. 40. P. S72-S82.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit60"><label>60</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Simpson A.J., Kingery W.L., Hayes M.H.B. et al. Molecular structures and associations of humic substances in the terrestrial environment // Naturwissenschaften. 2002. V. 89. P. 84-88.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Simpson A.J., Kingery W.L., Hayes M.H.B. et al. Molecular structures and associations of humic substances in the terrestrial environment // Naturwissenschaften. 2002. V. 89. P. 84-88.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit61"><label>61</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Simpson A.J., Simpson M.J., Smith E., Kelleher B.P. Microbially derived inputs to soil organic matter: Are current estimates too low? // Environ. Sci. Technol. 2007. V. 41. P. 8070-8076.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Simpson A.J., Simpson M.J., Smith E., Kelleher B.P. Microbially derived inputs to soil organic matter: Are current estimates too low? // Environ. Sci. Technol. 2007. V. 41. P. 8070-8076.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit62"><label>62</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Six J., Conant R.T., Paul E.A., Paustian K. Stabilization mechanisms of soil organic matter: implications for C-saturation of soils // Plant and Soil. 2002. V. 241. P. 155-176.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Six J., Conant R.T., Paul E.A., Paustian K. Stabilization mechanisms of soil organic matter: implications for C-saturation of soils // Plant and Soil. 2002. V. 241. P. 155-176.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit63"><label>63</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Sollins P., Swanston C., Kleber M., Filley T., Kramer M., Crow S., Caldwell B.A., Lajtha K., Bowden R. Organic C and N stabilization in a forest soil: Evidence from sequential density fractionation // Soil Biol. Biochem. 2006. V. 38. P. 3313-3324.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Sollins P., Swanston C., Kleber M., Filley T., Kramer M., Crow S., Caldwell B.A., Lajtha K., Bowden R. Organic C and N stabilization in a forest soil: Evidence from sequential density fractionation // Soil Biol. Biochem. 2006. V. 38. P. 3313-3324.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit64"><label>64</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Springer U. “Der Platz der Huminsäure in der Chemie des Humus”. Eine Erwiderung // J. Plant Nutrition Soil Sci. (Zeitschrift für Pflanzenernährung, Düngung und Bodenkunde). 1935, Bd 37, H. 3-4. S. 202-204.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Springer U. “Der Platz der Huminsäure in der Chemie des Humus”. Eine Erwiderung // J. Plant Nutrition Soil Sci. (Zeitschrift für Pflanzenernährung, Düngung und Bodenkunde). 1935, Bd 37, H. 3-4. S. 202-204.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit65"><label>65</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Springer U. Ist der Begriff “Huminsäure” heute noch berechtigt? // Journal of Plant Nutrition and Soil Science (Zeitschrift für Pflanzenernährung, Düngung und Bodenkunde), 1934, Bd. 35, H. 5-6. S. 334-343.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Springer U. Ist der Begriff “Huminsäure” heute noch berechtigt? // Journal of Plant Nutrition and Soil Science (Zeitschrift für Pflanzenernährung, Düngung und Bodenkunde), 1934, Bd. 35, H. 5-6. S. 334-343.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit66"><label>66</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Stevenson F.J. Humus Chemistry. Genesis, Composition, Reactions. John Wiley and Sons, N.Y., 1982. 443 p.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Stevenson F.J. Humus Chemistry. Genesis, Composition, Reactions. John Wiley and Sons, N.Y., 1982. 443 p.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit67"><label>67</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Stevenson F.J. Humus Chemistry. Genesis, Composition, Reactions. N.Y: John Wiley and Sons, 1994. 496 p.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Stevenson F.J. Humus Chemistry. Genesis, Composition, Reactions. N.Y: John Wiley and Sons, 1994. 496 p.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit68"><label>68</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Stockmann U., Adams M.A., Crawford, J.W. Field D.J., Henakaarchchi N., Jenkins M., Minasny B., McBratney A.B., de Courcelles V.R., Singh K., Wheeler I., Abbott L., Angers D.A., Baldock J., Bird M., Brookes P.C., Chenu C., Jastrow J.D., Lal R., Lehmann J., O’Donnell A.G., Parton W.J., Whitehead D., Zimmermann M. The knowns, known unknowns and unknowns of sequestration of soil organic carbon // Agriculture, Ecosystems and Environment. 2013. V. 164. P. 80-99.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Stockmann U., Adams M.A., Crawford, J.W. Field D.J., Henakaarchchi N., Jenkins M., Minasny B., McBratney A.B., de Courcelles V.R., Singh K., Wheeler I., Abbott L., Angers D.A., Baldock J., Bird M., Brookes P.C., Chenu C., Jastrow J.D., Lal R., Lehmann J., O’Donnell A.G., Parton W.J., Whitehead D., Zimmermann M. The knowns, known unknowns and unknowns of sequestration of soil organic carbon // Agriculture, Ecosystems and Environment. 2013. V. 164. P. 80-99.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit69"><label>69</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Strosser E. Methods for determination of labile soil organic matter: An overview // Journal of Agrobiology. 2010. V. 27(2). P. 49-60.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Strosser E. Methods for determination of labile soil organic matter: An overview // Journal of Agrobiology. 2010. V. 27(2). P. 49-60.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit70"><label>70</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Sutton R., Sposito G. Molecular structure in soil humic substances: the new view // Environmental Science and Technol. 2005. V. 39. P. 9009-9015.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Sutton R., Sposito G. Molecular structure in soil humic substances: the new view // Environmental Science and Technol. 2005. V. 39. P. 9009-9015.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit71"><label>71</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Swift R.S. Sequestration of carbon by soil // Soil Science. 2001. V. 166. P. 858-871.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Swift R.S. Sequestration of carbon by soil // Soil Science. 2001. V. 166. P. 858-871.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit72"><label>72</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Tate R.L.III. Soil organic matter: Biological and ecological effects. N.Y.: John Wiley and Sons, 1987. 291 p.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Tate R.L.III. Soil organic matter: Biological and ecological effects. N.Y.: John Wiley and Sons, 1987. 291 p.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit73"><label>73</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">van Hees P.A.W., Jones D.L., Finlay R., Godbold D.L., Lundström U.S. The carbon we do not see - the impact of low molecular weight compounds on carbon dynamics and respiration in forest soils: a review // Soil Biol. Biochem. 2005. V. 37. P. 1-13.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">van Hees P.A.W., Jones D.L., Finlay R., Godbold D.L., Lundström U.S. The carbon we do not see - the impact of low molecular weight compounds on carbon dynamics and respiration in forest soils: a review // Soil Biol. Biochem. 2005. V. 37. P. 1-13.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit74"><label>74</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">von Lützow M., Kögel-Knabner I., Ekschmitt K., Flessa H., Guggenberger G., Matzner E., Marschner B. SOM fractionation methods: Relevance to functional pools and to stabilization mechanisms // Soil Biol. Biochem. 2007. V. 39. P. 2183-2207.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">von Lützow M., Kögel-Knabner I., Ekschmitt K., Flessa H., Guggenberger G., Matzner E., Marschner B. SOM fractionation methods: Relevance to functional pools and to stabilization mechanisms // Soil Biol. Biochem. 2007. V. 39. P. 2183-2207.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit75"><label>75</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">von Lützow M., Kögel-Knabner I., Ludwig B., Matzner E., Flessa H., Ekschmitt K., Guggenberger G., Marschner B., Kalbitz K. Stabilization mechanisms of organic matter in four temperate soils: Development and application of a conceptual model // J. Plant Nutrition and Soil Sci. 2008. V. 171. P. 111-124.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">von Lützow M., Kögel-Knabner I., Ludwig B., Matzner E., Flessa H., Ekschmitt K., Guggenberger G., Marschner B., Kalbitz K. Stabilization mechanisms of organic matter in four temperate soils: Development and application of a conceptual model // J. Plant Nutrition and Soil Sci. 2008. V. 171. P. 111-124.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit76"><label>76</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">von Wandruszka R. The micellar model of humic acid: evidence from pyrene fluorescence measurements // Soil Sci. 1998. V. 163. P. 921-930.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">von Wandruszka R. The micellar model of humic acid: evidence from pyrene fluorescence measurements // Soil Sci. 1998. V. 163. P. 921-930.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit77"><label>77</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Waksman S.A. Humus: origin, chemical composition, and importance in nature. Baltimore, The Williams &amp; Wilkins Company, 1936. 494 p.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Waksman S.A. Humus: origin, chemical composition, and importance in nature. Baltimore, The Williams &amp; Wilkins Company, 1936. 494 p.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit78"><label>78</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Waksman S.A. Humus: origin, chemical composition, and importance in nature. Baltimore: The Williams &amp; Wilkins company, 1938. 526 p.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Waksman S.A. Humus: origin, chemical composition, and importance in nature. Baltimore: The Williams &amp; Wilkins company, 1938. 526 p.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit79"><label>79</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Wander M. Soil Organic Matter Fractions and Their Relevance to Soil Function // Soil organic matter in sustainable agriculture. Eds. F. Magdoff, R.R. Weil. Boca Raton etc: CRC Press, 2004. P. 67-102.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Wander M. Soil Organic Matter Fractions and Their Relevance to Soil Function // Soil organic matter in sustainable agriculture. Eds. F. Magdoff, R.R. Weil. Boca Raton etc: CRC Press, 2004. P. 67-102.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit80"><label>80</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Wershaw R.L. Molecular aggregation of humic substances // Soil Sci. 1999. V. 164. P. 803-813.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Wershaw R.L. Molecular aggregation of humic substances // Soil Sci. 1999. V. 164. P. 803-813.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit81"><label>81</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Wershaw R.L. Evaluation of conceptual models of natural organic matter (humus) from a consideration of the chemical and biochemical processes of humifi cation // Scientific Investigations Report 2004-5121. U.S. Geological Survey, Reston, Virginia, 2004. 44 p.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Wershaw R.L. Evaluation of conceptual models of natural organic matter (humus) from a consideration of the chemical and biochemical processes of humifi cation // Scientific Investigations Report 2004-5121. U.S. Geological Survey, Reston, Virginia, 2004. 44 p.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit82"><label>82</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">West T.O., Six J. Considering the influence of sequestration duration and carbon saturation on estimates of soil carbon capacity // Climatic Change. 2007. V. 80. P. 25-41.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">West T.O., Six J. Considering the influence of sequestration duration and carbon saturation on estimates of soil carbon capacity // Climatic Change. 2007. V. 80. P. 25-41.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit83"><label>83</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Wilde S.A. Forest humus: its classification on a genetic basis // Soil Science. 1971. V. 111. P. 1-12.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Wilde S.A. Forest humus: its classification on a genetic basis // Soil Science. 1971. V. 111. P. 1-12.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref></ref-list><fn-group><fn fn-type="conflict"><p>The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.</p></fn></fn-group></back></article>
