esoilБюллетень Почвенного института имени В.В. ДокучаеваDokuchaev Soil Bulletin0136-16942312-4202V.V. Dokuchaev Soil Science Institute10.19047/0136-1694-2019-96-22-46esoil-331Research ArticleСтатьиИсследование влияния древесной породы на почву методом дискриминантного анализаStudy of the tree species effect on the soil by means of discriminant analysisСолодовниковА. Н.SolodovnikovA. N.

185910, Петрозаводск, ул. Пушкинская, 11

186910, Petrozavodsk, Pushkinskaya str., 11

solod@krc.karelia.ruРожковВ. А.RozhkovV. A.

119017, Москва, Пыжевский пер, 7, стр. 2

119017, Moscow, Pizhevskiyper., 7, build. 2

rva39@mail.ruИнститут леса КарНЦ РАНРоссияForest Research Institute KarRC RASRussian FederationПочвенный институт им. В.В. ДокучаеваРоссияV.V. Dokuchaev Soil Science InstituteRussian Federation2019010320190962246Copyright © Солодовников А.Н., Рожков В.А., 20192019Солодовников А.Н., Рожков В.А.Solodovnikov A.N., Rozhkov V.A.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://bulletin.esoil.ru/jour/article/view/331

Комплексное изучение вопросов взаимоотношения леса и почвы требует подбора пробных площадей с максимально сходными почвенными характеристиками, но различными по типу биоценоза. В исследовании использовали материалы базы данных (БД) “Почвы Карелии”, где собраны многолетние данные о почвах республики Карелия. Цель анализа - выявление почвенных признаков, наиболее подверженных влиянию типа биоценоза. Для анализа были выбраны автоморфные сосновые, еловые и березовые биоценозы, совокупно составляющие 99 % лесных насаждений Карелии, произрастающие на песчаных альфегумусовых подзолистых почвах на песчаной или супесчаной морене, являющихся наиболее распространенными почвами в регионе исследования. Для анализа выбираны следующие горизонты: лесная подстилка (О), элювиальный (Е) и иллювиальный (В). Использовались физико-химические показатели горизонтов почвы: рН (KCl), общее содержание С и N, содержание подвижных соединений P205 и К2О, и валовые содержания SiO2, TiO2, Al2O3, Fe2O3, MnO, MgO, CaO, Na2O, K2O, P2O5. Для определения признаков наиболее разделяющих типы биоценозов применялся дискриминантный анализ. Оценка вклада признаков в разделение всех групп велась по статистике Уилкса. В целом анализ показал, что содержание N и C наиболее четко отражает изменения, происходящие под влиянием леса, как в органической, так и в минеральной части почвы, что подтверждается многочисленными выводами как зарубежных, так и отечественных исследователей.

A multi-sided study of the interactions between forest and soil requires choosing sample plots in such a way when their soil characteristics are as similar as possible but the types of biocoenoses are different. This study employed materials from the database “Soils of Karelia”, which has pooled together long-term data on soils of the Republic of Karelia. The aim of the analysis was to identify the soil traits that are the most sensitive to the type of biocoenosis. The biocoenoses chosen for the analysis were automorphic pine, spruce and birch communities, collectively accounting for 99 % of forest stands in Karelia, growing on podzolic-type Al-Fe-humus soils with sandy texture over sandy or loamy-sand till, which represent the most widespread type of soils in the study area. The analysis was performed for the following soil horizons: forest floor (O), eluvial (E) and illuvial (B). In order to characterize the soil horizons the physico-chemical parameters were used: рН (KCl), total С and N content, labile P205 and K20 compounds content, and gross content of SiO2, TiO2, Al2O3, Fe2O3, MnO, MgO, CaO, Na2O, K2O, P2O5. Discriminant analysis was employed to determine the traits contributing the most to the differentiation of biocoenosis types. The contribution of the traits to differentiation between groups was measured by Wilks’ lambda. Overall, the analysis has shown that N and C content the most significantly reflect the changes happening under the effect of the forest, both in the organic and in the mineral parts of the soil, as corroborated by the findings of numerous Russian and foreign researchers.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.