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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">esoil</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Бюллетень Почвенного института имени В.В. Докучаева</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Dokuchaev Soil Bulletin</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">0136-1694</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2312-4202</issn><publisher><publisher-name>V.V. Dokuchaev Soil Science Institute</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.19047/0136-1694-2019-99-76-91</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">esoil-369</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Статьи</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Оценка адекватности модели стока и температуры в Больших лизиметрах почвенного стационара МГУ</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Adequateness assessement of percolate and temperature model using MSU Large lysimeters</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9289-0802</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шишкин</surname><given-names>К. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Shishkin</surname><given-names>K. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>119234, Москва, Ленинские Горы, 1</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>1 Leninskie Gori, Moscow 119234</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">konstantin.shishkin.99@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Белик</surname><given-names>А. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Belik</surname><given-names>A. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>119234, Москва, Ленинские Горы, 1; </p><p>143050, Московская область, Одинцовский район, р. п. Большие Вяземы, ул. Институт, владение 5</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>1 Leninskie Gori, Moscow 119234; </p><p>5 Institute Str., Bol'shiye Vyazemy 143050 Moscow region</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">belikalexandra@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кокорева</surname><given-names>А. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kokoreva</surname><given-names>A. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>119234, Москва, Ленинские Горы, 1</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>1 Leninskie Gori, Moscow 119234</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">kokoreva.a@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4577-4694</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ежелев</surname><given-names>З. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Ezhelev</surname><given-names>Z. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>119234, Москва, Ленинские Горы, 1</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>1 Leninskie Gori, Moscow 119234</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">ejelevsoil@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>МГУ им. М.В. Ломоносова</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Lomonosov Moscow State University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>МГУ им. М.В. Ломоносова; ВНИИ Фитопатологии</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Lomonosov Moscow State University; All-Russian Research Institute of Phytopathology</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2019</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>09</day><month>12</month><year>2019</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>99</issue><fpage>76</fpage><lpage>91</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Шишкин К.В., Белик А.А., Кокорева А.А., Ежелев З.С., 2019</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2019</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Шишкин К.В., Белик А.А., Кокорева А.А., Ежелев З.С.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Shishkin K.V., Belik A.A., Kokoreva A.A., Ezhelev Z.S.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://bulletin.esoil.ru/jour/article/view/369">https://bulletin.esoil.ru/jour/article/view/369</self-uri><abstract><p>Проводилась апробация модели PEARL 4 на основании данных стока и температуры в Больших лизиметрах почвенного стационара МГУ. Лизиметрические установки используются в экспериментальном почвоведении главным образом для изучения составляющих водного баланса почвы и исследований выноса различных веществ из отдельных почвенных горизонтов или всего почвенного профиля. Модель PEARL 4, водный блок которой построен на основе классической модели SWAP, использует механизм описания преимущественных потоков в почве. Режимные наблюдения в модельных почвах Больших лизиметров МГУ позволили получить обширные данные по динамике температуры, влажности почвы, а также данные по стоку с нижней границы модельной почвы, что является уникальным материалом для адаптации, проверки и настройки любых моделей энерго/массопереноса в почве. Показано, что для достоверного соответствия стока с нижней границы и прогнозных профилей влажности и температуры с реальными значениями параметризованная математическая модель требует настройки путем подбора параметров аппроксимации основной гидрофизической характеристики (ОГХ). Установлено, что в зимний период времени ошибка прогноза всех показателей увеличивается. Таким образом, использование подобных моделей миграции веществ в почве для долгосрочного прогноза, например, для оценки риска загрязнения грунтовых вод агрохимикатами при ежегодном применении в 10-летний период, затруднительно ввиду ежегодного накопления общей ошибки прогноза к периоду весеннего снеготаяния.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The assessement of PEARL model adequateness was carried out on the basis of temperature and percolate data obtained by means of MSU Large Lysimeters. Lysimeters are used in experimental soil science mostly for investigating water balance and substance or ions transport from observed horizons or full soil profile. PEARL 4 model, the water prediction block of which is built on the basis of classical SWAP model, uses preferential water flow describing mechanism. Systematical observation of experimental soils in MSU Large lysimeters allowed obtaining extensive data on temperature and soil moisture dynamics, as well as percolate from bottom border. Thеsе measurements are unique and can become the basis for adaptation, verification and setting of mass and energy transfer models. It was shown, that mathematical parametric model requires adjustment for reaching reliable values of percolate from bottom border, moisture and temperature profiles. It can be achieved by selection of water retention curve (WTC) approximation parameters. It was noticed that the error for all predicted parameters increases in winter period. Thereby, the use of such matter transfer models in soil are problematic for long-term prognosis. For example, due to the annual error accumulation before the spring season such models cannot be applied for estimation of the risk of ground water pollution with agrochemicals.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>модельные почвы</kwd><kwd>граничные условия</kwd><kwd>оценка риска</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>modeled soils</kwd><kwd>boundary conditionals</kwd><kwd>risk assessment</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Работа выполнена по теме Госзадания № 0598-2014-0011 в ФГБНУ ВНИИФ и при поддержке гранта РФФИ 18-34-00801 мол_а.</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Шеин Е.В., Кокорева А.А., Горбатов В.С., Умарова А.Б. Оценка чувствительности, настройка и сравнение математических моделей миграции пестицидов в почве по данным лизиметрического эксперимента // Почвоведение. 2009. № 7. 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