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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">esoil</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Бюллетень Почвенного института имени В.В. Докучаева</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Dokuchaev Soil Bulletin</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">0136-1694</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2312-4202</issn><publisher><publisher-name>V.V. Dokuchaev Soil Science Institute</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.19047/0136-1694-2019-99-21-46</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">esoil-377</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Статьи</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Построение цифровых моделей почвенного покрова западной части Большеземельской тундры</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>The development of digital models of the soil cover in the western part of Bol’shezemel’skaya tundra</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5662-7975</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Векшина</surname><given-names>В. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Vekshina</surname><given-names>V. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>119234, Москва, Ленинские Горы, 1</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>1 Leninskie Gori, Moscow 119234</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">LeraVekshina@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>МГУ им. М.В. Ломоносова</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Lomonosov Moscow State University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2019</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>09</day><month>12</month><year>2019</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>99</issue><fpage>21</fpage><lpage>46</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Векшина В.Н., 2019</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2019</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Векшина В.Н.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Vekshina V.N.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://bulletin.esoil.ru/jour/article/view/377">https://bulletin.esoil.ru/jour/article/view/377</self-uri><abstract><p>Методы цифровой картографии перспективны для создания почвенных карт труднодоступных территорий. Целью работы был поиск оптимальных подходов к построению цифровых моделей почвенного покрова слабо изученной западной части Большеземельской тундры и лесотундры в разных масштабах. В качестве базовой информации о почвах использовались средне- (1 : 200 000) и мелкомасштабные (1 : 1 млн) почвенные карты; актуальная информация о состоянии территории бралась со снимков Landsat 8 (14.08.2013) и модели рельефа ASTER GDEM v.2. После извлечения информации и подбора предикторов проводился анализ моделей, построенных различными алгоритмами – Random Forest (RF), Multinomial Logistic Regression (MLR) и Linear Discriminant Analysis (LDA). Оценивался коэффициент согласованности между построенными моделями и изначальными картами (индекс каппа). Тестирование моделей показало, что лучше всего работает алгоритм Random Forest, который и был выбран для построения конечных карт. Средние значения каппа для сравниваемых моделей мелко- и среднемасштабных карт составили: RF – 0.39 и 0.36; MLR – 0.31 и 0.31; LDA – 0.28 и 0.18 соответственно. После предварительной коррекции контурной и смысловой части среднемасштабной карты значения каппа выросли: RF – 0.39, MLR – 0.35, LDA – 0.30. Проверка новых цифровых карт по независимым полевым данным показала, что уровень совпадения данных не хуже, чем у исходных бумажных карт: для исходной мелкомасштабной карты – 24 %, а цифровой – 26 %; для исходной среднемасштабной карты – 54 %, а цифровой – 43 %. При предварительной коррекции исходной среднемасштабной карты уровень совпадения полевых данных и цифровой модели, построенной с помощью алгоритма RF, повысился до 61 %. Данный способ построения цифровой почвенной карты при аналогичных исходных данных представляется оптимальным.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The methods of digital mapping are promising for creating soil maps on difficultly accessible territories. This study was aimed at searching of optimal approaches for digital mapping of the soil cover in poorly studied western part of the Bol’shezemel’skaya tundra on different scales. Medium-scale (1 : 200 000) and small-scale (1 : 1 M) soil maps served as the source of initial information about soils of this region; actual information of the state of the territory was obtained from remote sensing data (Landsat 8 scenes, Aug. 14, 2013) and digital elevation model ASTER GDEM v.2. After extraction of information and the choice of predictors, the analysis of digital soil cover models obtained with the use of different algorithms – Random Forest (RF), Multinomial Logistic Regression (MLR) and Linear Discriminant Analysis (LDA) – was performed. The coefficient of agreement between the newly developed digital models and the initial paper-based soil maps (kappa) was calculated. This test demonstrated that the RF algorithm ensures the best results, so the final digital maps were obtained using it. Averaged kappa values for the compared small- and medium-scale models were as follows: RF – 0.39 and 0.36; MLR – 0.31 and 0.31; and LDA – 0.28 and 0.18, respectively. After the preliminary correction of the initial medium-scale map, the kappa values somewhat increased (RF – 0.39, MLR – 0.35, LDA – 0.30). At the stage of evaluation of digital soil maps obtained with the use of RF algorithm, these maps and the initial soil maps were compared with independent point-size terrain data. The degree of agreement between these data and the new digital soil maps proved to be no less than that for the initial maps. For the initial and digital small-scale maps, it reached 24 and 26 %, respectively; for the initial and digital medium-scale maps, 54 and 43 %, respectively. After the preliminary correction of the initial medium-scale map, the degree of agreement between the digital model and terrain data improved considerably and reached 61 %. This method of digital soil mapping on the basis of analogous data seems to be optimal.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>цифровые почвенные карты (DSM)</kwd><kwd>тундрово-таежный экотон</kwd><kwd>дистанционные данные</kwd><kwd>Landsat 8</kwd><kwd>ASTER GDEM</kwd><kwd>LWCI</kwd><kwd>NDVI</kwd><kwd>MNDWI</kwd><kwd>Random Forest</kwd><kwd>оценка точности карт</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>digital soil maps</kwd><kwd>tundra-taiga ecotone</kwd><kwd>remote sensing data</kwd><kwd>Landsat 8</kwd><kwd>ASTER GDEM</kwd><kwd>LWCI</kwd><kwd>NDVI</kwd><kwd>MNDWI</kwd><kwd>Random Forest</kwd><kwd>map evaluation</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Исследование выполнено при поддержке гранта РНФ “Крупномасштабное цифровое картографирование почв на основе дистанционного зондирования” (проект 15-16-30007). Автор благодарит сотрудников Почвенного института имени В.В. Докучаева С.Ф. Хохлова и Д.Е. 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