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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">esoil</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Бюллетень Почвенного института имени В.В. Докучаева</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Dokuchaev Soil Bulletin</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">0136-1694</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2312-4202</issn><publisher><publisher-name>V.V. Dokuchaev Soil Science Institute</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.19047/0136-1694-2019-98-105-131</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">esoil-393</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Статьи</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>ДИФФЕРЕНЦИАЦИЯ И БАЛАНС МИНЕРАЛОВ ПРИ ТРАНСФОРМАЦИИ ОТКРЫТОЙ ПОВЕРХНОСТИ ПАХОТНЫХ ПОЧВ ПОД ВОЗДЕЙСТВИЕМ АТМОСФЕРНЫХ ОСАДКОВ</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>DIFFERENTIATION AND BALANCE OF MINERALS DURING TRANSFORMATION OF THE OPEN SURFACE OF ARABLE SOILS UNDER THE IMPACT OF RAIN</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7743-8607</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Прудникова</surname><given-names>Е. Ю.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Prudnikova</surname><given-names>E. Yu.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">prudnikova_eyu@esoil.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Варламов</surname><given-names>Е. Б.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Varlamov</surname><given-names>E. B.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Чурилин</surname><given-names>Н. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Churilin</surname><given-names>N. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Чурилина</surname><given-names>А. Е.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Churilina</surname><given-names>A. E.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru">Почвенный институт им. В.В. Докучаева; &#13;
Российский университет дружбы народов<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">V.V. Dokuchaev Soil Science Institute; &#13;
People's Friendship University of Russia<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru">Почвенный институт им. В.В. Докучаева<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">V.V. Dokuchaev Soil Science Institute<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2019</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>23</day><month>09</month><year>2019</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>98</issue><fpage>105</fpage><lpage>131</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Прудникова Е.Ю., Варламов Е.Б., Чурилин Н.А., Чурилина А.Е., 2019</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2019</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Прудникова Е.Ю., Варламов Е.Б., Чурилин Н.А., Чурилина А.Е.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Prudnikova E.Y., Varlamov E.B., Churilin N.A., Churilina A.E.</copyright-holder><license license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://bulletin.esoil.ru/jour/article/view/393">https://bulletin.esoil.ru/jour/article/view/393</self-uri><abstract><p>В ходе модельного эксперимента изучались особенности изменения минералогического состава открытой поверхности пахотных почв (выщелоченный чернозем, серая лесная почва, дерново-подзолистая почва) под воздействием ударной силы дождевых капель в условиях чистого пара. По окончании эксперимента проведен минералогический анализ отдельных гранулометрических фракций: &lt; 1, 1–5, 5–10 и &gt; 10 мкм, – из микрокорочек, сформировавшихся на открытых поверхностях и почвенного субстрата, не подвергавшегося воздействиям атмосферных осадков. Исследованием установлено, что в ходе экспонирования произошло перераспределение и изменения долевых соотношений содержания разных гранулометрических фракций и связанных с ними глинистых и кластогенных минералов. За время проведения опыта наиболее значительные изменения произошли в образце дерново-подзолистой почвы и выщелоченного чернозема, что связано с особенностями вещественного состава данных почв. Сильнее всего в экспонируемых образцах снизилось содержание глинистых минералов. Произошло перераспределение из верхнего микрослоя кластогенных минералов, большей частью из тонкопылеватой и в меньшей мере из среднепылеватой фракций, которое сопровождалось относительным накоплением фракции &gt; 10 мкм. Перераспределение гранулометрических фракций сопровождалось относительным накоплением в них кварца, калиевого полевого шпата и уменьшением содержания хлорита и слюд-гидрослюд. Подобное распределение определяется разной устойчивостью минералов к выветриванию. Балансовыми расчетами установлено, что общие потери глинистых и кластогенных минералов из верхней открытой поверхности монолитов в сравнении с исходным почвенным субстратом составили более 4 кг / 100 кг монолита для серой лесной почвы, 16 кг / 100 кг монолита для выщелоченного чернозема и 46 кг / 100 кг монолита для дерново-подзолистой почвы.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>During the model experiment the changes in the mineralogical composition of the open surface of arable soil (leached chernozem, gray forest soil, sod-podzolic soil) under the impact of raindrops under fallow conditions were studied. At the end of the experiment a mineralogical analysis of individual particle size fractions &lt; 1, 1–5, 5–10 and &gt; 10 μm from microcrusts formed on open surfaces and a soil substrate not exposed to the effects of precipitation was conducted. The study found that during the exposure there was redistribution and changes in the proportional ratios of the contents of different particle size fractions and associated clay and clastogenic minerals. During the experiment the most significant changes due to their composition occurred in the sample of sod-podzolic soil and leached chernozem. The content of clay minerals in exposed samples decreased the most. The redistribution of clastogenic minerals from the upper open layer, mostly from fine silt and to a lesser extent from the middle silty fraction, was accompanied by a relative accumulation of the fraction &gt; 10 μm. The redistribution of granulometric fractions was accompanied by a relative accumulation of quartz, orthoclases and a decrease in the content of chlorite and biotide in them. Such a distribution is determined by their resistance to weathering. Balance calculations allowed establishing that the total losses of clay and clastogenic minerals from the upper open surface of the monoliths in comparison with the initial soil substrate were more than 4 kg / 100 kg of monolith for gray forest soil, 16 kg / 100 kg of monolith for leached chernozem and 46 kg / 100 kg of monolith for sod-podzolic soil.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>фракционный состав</kwd><kwd>открытая поверхность почв</kwd><kwd>глинистые</kwd><kwd>кластогенные минералы</kwd><kwd>кварц</kwd><kwd>калиевые полевые шпаты</kwd><kwd>плагиоклазы</kwd><kwd>иллит</kwd><kwd>каолинит</kwd><kwd>хлорит</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>fractional composition</kwd><kwd>open soil surface</kwd><kwd>clay</kwd><kwd>clastogenic minerals</kwd><kwd>quartz</kwd><kwd>ortoclase</kwd><kwd>plagioclase</kwd><kwd>illite</kwd><kwd>kaolinite</kwd><kwd>chlorite</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group xml:lang="ru"><funding-statement>Исследование выполнено при поддержке гранта РФФИ 18-016-00052/19.</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Алексеев В.Е. 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