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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">esoil</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Бюллетень Почвенного института имени В.В. Докучаева</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Dokuchaev Soil Bulletin</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">0136-1694</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2312-4202</issn><publisher><publisher-name>V.V. Dokuchaev Soil Science Institute</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.19047/0136-1694-2011-67-3-19</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">esoil-489</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Статьи</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Нормативы изменения физических свойств почв степной, сухостепной, полупустынной зон европейской территории России</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>NORMS OF CHANGE OF PHYSICAL PROPERTIES OF SOILS OF STEPPE, ARID AND SEMI-DESERT ZONES OF EUROPEAN RUSSIAN TERRITORIES</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кузнецова</surname><given-names>Инна Васильевна</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kuznetsova</surname><given-names>I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Азовцева</surname><given-names>Наталья Александровна</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Azovtseva</surname><given-names>N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Бондарев</surname><given-names>Афанасий Григорьевич</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Bondarev</surname><given-names>A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Почвенный институт им. В.В. Докучаева Россельхозакадемии</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>V.V. Dokuchaev Soil Science Institute</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2011</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>30</day><month>06</month><year>2011</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>67</issue><fpage>3</fpage><lpage>19</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Кузнецова И.В., Азовцева Н.А., Бондарев А.Г., 2011</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2011</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Кузнецова И.В., Азовцева Н.А., Бондарев А.Г.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Kuznetsova I., Azovtseva N., Bondarev A.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://bulletin.esoil.ru/jour/article/view/489">https://bulletin.esoil.ru/jour/article/view/489</self-uri><abstract><p>Разработаны нормативы изменения физических свойств пахотных черноземов степной, каштановых почв сухостепной и светло-каштановых почв пустынно-степной зон европейской территории России в зависимости от характера антропогенного воздействия. Установлены пределы оптимальных, допустимых и критических значений физических свойств этих почв для роста и развития растений. Для каждой зоны приведены экспертные оценки распределения площадей почв с оптимальными, допустимыми и критическими значениями показателей основных физических свойств почв. Наибольшие отличия наблюдаются в плотности сложения и структурном составе почв разных почвенно-климатических зон. В степной зоне среди обыкновенных черноземов преобладают почвы с оптимальными значениями плотности пахотного слоя (1.0-1.2 г/см3); среди предкавказских и южных черноземов - со значениями 1.25-1.35 г/см3. Среди каштановых почв сухостепной зоны наиболее распространены разности с допустимыми значениями равновесной плотности (1.30-1.40 г/см3); в пустынно-степной зоне преобладают светло-каштановые почвы с допустимыми (1.35-1.45 г/см3) и критическими значениями (&gt;1.45 г/см3) равновесной плотности. В пахотном слое почв каждой отдельной зоны агрофизические свойства в значительной мере снивелированы агротехническими мероприятиями и близкими требованиями возделываемых в зоне культур. Нормативы изменения физических свойств могут служить руководством для оценки современного физического состояния пахотных почв и базовой основой для разработки региональных систем сохранения и воспроизводства плодородия почв.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Norms of change of physical properties of arable land have been developed chernozems of steppe, chestnut soils of dry-steppe and light-chestnut soils of desert steppe zones of the European territory of Russia depending on the nature of anthropogenic impact. The limits of optimum, admissible and critical values of physical properties of these soils for growth and development of plants are established. For each zone, expert estimates of the distribution of soil areas with optimal, acceptable and critical values of the basic physical properties of soils are given. The greatest differences are observed in the density and structural composition of soils of different soil-climatic zones. In the steppe zone, soils with optimal values of arable layer density prevail among ordinary chernozems (1.0 - 1.2 g/cm3); among pre-Caucasian and southern chernozems - with values of 1.25-1.35 g/cm3. Among the chestnut soils of the dry-steppe zone the most common are the differences in the permissible values equilibrium density (1.30-1.40 g/cm3); in the desert steppe zone light chestnut soils with permissible (1.35- 1.45 g/cm3) and critical values (&gt;1.45 g/cm3) of the equilibrium density. In the arable layer of soils of each separate zone agrophysical properties are significantly reduced by agrotechnical measures and close requirements of crops cultivated in the zone. Norms of change of physical properties can serve as a guide for assessing the current physical condition of arable soils and a basic basis for the development of regional fertility conservation and reproduction systems of the soil.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>нормативы</kwd><kwd>плотность</kwd><kwd>структура</kwd><kwd>переуплотнение</kwd><kwd>черноземы</kwd><kwd>каштановые</kwd><kwd>светло-каштановые почвы</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>norms</kwd><kwd>density</kwd><kwd>structure</kwd><kwd>reconsolidation</kwd><kwd>chernozems</kwd><kwd>chestnut</kwd><kwd>light chestnut soils</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Адерихин П.Г. Изменение структуры почв Воронежской области при использовании в сельском хозяйстве // Охрана природы Центрально-черноземной полосы. Воронеж: Воронежское книжное изд-во, 1960. Сб. № 3. 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