esoilБюллетень Почвенного института имени В.В. ДокучаеваDokuchaev Soil Bulletin0136-16942312-4202V.V. Dokuchaev Soil Science Institute10.19047/0136-1694-2020-103-108-148esoil-574Research ArticleСтатьиВозможности использования реологических параметров почв в качестве физических показателей трансформации их структурного состоянияPossibilities of using rheological parameters as physical indicators of soil structural changeshttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-4823-444XКлюеваВ. В.KlyuevaV. V.

младший научный сотрудник лаборатории физики и гидрологии почв Почвенного института имени В.В. Докучаева 

119017, Москва, Пыжевский пер, 7, стр. 2

7 Bld. 2 Pyzhevskiy per., Moscow 119017

vvklyueva@gmail.comХайдаповаД. Д.KhaydapovaD. D.

доцент кафедры физики и мелиорации почв факультета Почвоведения Московского государственного университета имени М. В. Ломоносова 

119991, Москва, Ленинские горы, 1, стр.12.

12 Bld. 1 Leninskie Gori, Moscow 119234

dkhaydapova@yandex.ruФИЦ "Почвенный институт имени В.В. Докучаева"РоссияFederal Research Centre “V.V. Dokuchaev Soil Science Institute”Russian FederationМосковский государственный университет имени М. В. Ломоносова, факультет ПочвоведенияРоссияLomonosov Moscow State UniversityRussian Federation2020280920200103108148Copyright © Клюева В.В., Хайдапова Д.Д., 20202020Клюева В.В., Хайдапова Д.Д.Klyueva V.V., Khaydapova D.D.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://bulletin.esoil.ru/jour/article/view/574

Методом осцилляционной амплитудной развертки изучены реологические показатели етественных и пахотных дерново-подзолистых почв и черноземов миграционно-мицеллярных. Установлено, что показатели сдвиговой устойчивости изученных почв (напряжения сдвига в конце диапазона линейной вязкоупругости LVE-range tL, tF в точке пересечения модулей накопления и потерь Crossover и максимальное значение tmax) были более информативны при сравнении естественных и пахотных почв и демонстрировали выраженные отличия между генетическими горизонтами в отличие от показателей вязкоупругости (деформации γL, характеризующей область упругого поведения, и интегральной зоны Z). Сельскохозяйственное использование изученных почв привело к снижению содержания органического углерода и, как следствие, к уменьшению вязкоупругости и сдвиговой устойчивости почв, а повышенная плотность пахотных горизонтов и перераспределение физической глины проявились в слабой дифференциации значений реологических показателей по глубине при их максимуме в верхнем горизонте. Предложенные и изученные в данной работе реологические показатели при активном использовании в будущем могут позволить более подробно и детально изучить характер и прочность межчастичных связей, процессы, происходящие в почвах при воздействии сельскохозяйственной техники. Встраивание реологических показателей в систему физических показателей трансформации структурного состояния почв является дальнейшим направлением их изучения.

The rheological parameters of structured soddy-podzolic soils (Albic Glossic Retisols (Lomic, Cutanic)) and chernozems (Haplic Chernozems (Loamic, Pachic)) in their natural state and involved in agricultural use were studied by the oscillation amplitude sweep test. Shear resistance parameters of the studied soils (shear stress at the end of the linear viscoelasticity range – LVE-range tL, shear stress tF at the Crossover point and maximum shear stress tmax) were more informative and indicated pronounced differences between soil genetic horizons in contrast to viscoelasticity parameters (deformation γL at the end of the LVE-range and the integral zone Z) when comparing natural and arable soils. The agricultural land use resulted in decreased organic carbon content and, as a consequence, reduced viscoelasticity and shear resistance of the soils. At the same time, the higher bulk density of arable horizons and the redistribution of fine soil particles (physical clay) could explain maximal values of the rheological parameters in the upper arable horizons and their slight differentiation with depth. Further development in the application of the proposed and studied rheological parameters can give insight into the nature and strength evaluation of interparticle bonds, the soil processes under the impact of agricultural machinery, and can also be integrated into the system of physical indicators of soil structural changes.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.