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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">esoil</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Бюллетень Почвенного института имени В.В. Докучаева</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Dokuchaev Soil Bulletin</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">0136-1694</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2312-4202</issn><publisher><publisher-name>V.V. Dokuchaev Soil Science Institute</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.19047/0136-1694-2020-103-149-167</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">esoil-591</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Статьи</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Электрофизические и геоинформационные методы картографирования биологических свойств торфоземов</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Electrophysical and geoinformational methods of mapping the biological properties of peats</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7277-8685</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Позднякова</surname><given-names>А. Д.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Pozdnyakova</surname><given-names>A. D.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>старший научный сотрудник ВНИИМЗ - филиал ФИЦ.</p><p>e-library SPIN-код: 6318-2970,  РИНЦ (AuthorID): 87027</p><p>IstinaResearcherID (IRID): 2010679</p><p><ext-link xlink:href="https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7277-8685" ext-link-type="uri">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7277-8685</ext-link>    </p><p>Author ID: 6506935603 (SCOPUS)</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>7 Bld. 2 Pyzhevskiy per., Moscow 119017</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">antdanpozd@list.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0525-5841</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Поздняков</surname><given-names>Л. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Pozdnyakov</surname><given-names>L. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>мнс на кафедре биологии почв МГУ, старший научный сотрудник ВНИИМЗ филила ФИЦ</p><p>SPIN-код:9975-8000</p><p>IstinaResearcherID (IRID): 1230480</p><p>ResearcherID: <ext-link xlink:href="http://www.researcherid.com/rid/J-6892-2013" ext-link-type="uri">J-6892-2013</ext-link></p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>7 Bld. 2 Pyzhevskiy per., Moscow 119017;1 Leninskie Gori, Moscow 119234</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">apl-223@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФИЦ "Почвенный институт им. В.В. Докучаева"</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Federal Research Centre “V.V. Dokuchaev Soil Science Institute</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Московский государственный университет имени М.В.Ломоносова;&#13;
ФИЦ "Почвенный институт им. В.В. Докучаева"</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Federal Research Centre “V.V. Dokuchaev Soil Science Institute;&#13;
Lomonosov Moscow State University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2020</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>28</day><month>09</month><year>2020</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>103</issue><fpage>149</fpage><lpage>167</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Позднякова А.Д., Поздняков Л.А., 2020</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2020</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Позднякова А.Д., Поздняков Л.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Pozdnyakova A.D., Pozdnyakov L.A.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://bulletin.esoil.ru/jour/article/view/591">https://bulletin.esoil.ru/jour/article/view/591</self-uri><abstract><p>Показано, что использование электрофизических методов и ГИС-технологий позволяет выявить структуру почвенного покрова и пространственное распределение отдельных биологических показателей, в частности интенсивности образования парниковых газов, в мелиорированных торфяных почвах (торфоземах), расположенных в сложных ландшафтно-гидрологических условиях долины реки Яхрома в Московской области. Таким образом, получен опыт интеграции на основе ГИС-технологий и геофизики различных аспектов строения и функционирования почвы, что генерирует легко читаемое “изображение” почвы в данном месте и в определенное время. Используемый подход основан на идее, что электрическое сопротивление почв, связанное с плотностью подвижных зарядов (катионов и анионов почвенного поглощающего комплекса и раствора), формируется под влиянием почвообразующих процессов и является интегральным показателем широкого спектра свойств почвы. Принимая во внимание, что эволюция и деградация торфяников после их осушения является в первую очередь микробиологическим процессом, мы уделили особое внимание исследованиям в этой области. В рамках мониторинговых наблюдений на опытных стационарах Яхромской поймы проведено картирование микробного образования CO2, N2O и CH4 в торфяных почвах. С одной стороны, это позволяет оценить текущую интенсивность разложения органического вещества и потери азота и углерода торфяными почвами различного ботанического состава, условий и методов мелиорации, а с другой – определить вклад этих почв в формирование парникового эффекта. Установлено, что электрическое сопротивление почвы, базальное, субстрат-индуцированное дыхание и денитрификационная активность (одна из форм анаэробного дыхания) зависят от одного и того же комплекса свойств торфозема и коррелируют друг с другом на исследуемой территории. Высокая скорость и производительность электрофизических методов позволяют использовать их для первичной диагностики почвы, выбора ключевых точек для дальнейших исследований, детализации картографических контуров и уточнения расчетов потоков парниковых газов с больших площадей.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>It is shown that the use of electrophysical methods and GIS technologies allows revealing soil coverage structure and spatial distribution of individual biological indicators, in particular, greenhouse gases production, in drained histosols (eutrophic peat soils) located in complex landscape and hydrological conditions of the Yakhroma Valley in the Moscow Region. The combination of GIS technologies and soil electrophysics made it possible to bring together the various aspects of the soil composition and functioning. Consequently, it generates easily readable “image” of soil in a given place and at certain times. The used approach is based on the idea that the electrical resistance of soils, associated with the density of mobile charges (cations and anions of soil absorbing complex and solution), is formed under the influence of soil-forming processes and it is an integral indicator of a wide range of soil properties. Taking into account that the evolution and degradation of peatlands after their drainage is a microbiological process primarily, we paid special attention to the research in this area. The experience has been obtained in the mapping of the microbial formation of CO2, N2O and CH4 in peat soils. On the one hand, it allows estimating the current intensity of organic matter decomposition and losses of nitrogen and carbon by peat soils of different botanical composition, terms and methods of meliorations, and on the other hand, to determine the contribution of these soils to the greenhouse effect. It was established that the electrical resistance of the soil, basal, substrate-induced respiration and denitrification activity (specific form of anaerobic respiration) depend on the same set of soil properties and correlate with each other within the studied area. The high speed and productivity of electrophysical methods allow them to be used for primary soil diagnostics, selection of key points for further research, detailing the cartographic contours and refining the calculations of greenhouse gas fluxes from large areas.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>электрическое сопротивление почв</kwd><kwd>цифровое картографирование почв</kwd><kwd>базальное дыхание</kwd><kwd>денитрификация</kwd><kwd>субстрат-индуцированное дыхание</kwd><kwd>парниковые газы.</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>soil electrical resistance</kwd><kwd>digital mapping of soil</kwd><kwd>basal respiration</kwd><kwd>substrate-induced respiration</kwd><kwd>denitrification</kwd><kwd>greenhouse gases</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Апарин Б.Ф., Абакумов Е.В., Касаткина Г.А., Матинян Н.Н., Русаков А.В., Рюмин А.Г., Сухачева Е.Ю. 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