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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">esoil</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Бюллетень Почвенного института имени В.В. Докучаева</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Dokuchaev Soil Bulletin</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">0136-1694</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2312-4202</issn><publisher><publisher-name>V.V. Dokuchaev Soil Science Institute</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.19047/0136-1694-2022-110-90-113</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">esoil-691</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Статьи</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Развитие концептуальной основы охраны и рационального использования почв в Европейском cоюзе</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Development of the conceptual framework for soil protection and management in the European Union</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Иванов</surname><given-names>А. Л.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Ivanov</surname><given-names>A. L.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">ivanov_al@esoil.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Столбовой</surname><given-names>В. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Stolbovoy</surname><given-names>V. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">vladimir.stolbovoy@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Гребенников</surname><given-names>А. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Grebennikov</surname><given-names>A. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">info@esoil.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФИЦ "Почвенный институт имени В.В. Докучаева"</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Federal Research Centre “V.V. Dokuchaev Soil Science Institute”</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2022</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>25</day><month>06</month><year>2022</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>110</issue><fpage>90</fpage><lpage>113</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Иванов А.Л., Столбовой В.С., Гребенников А.М., 2022</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2022</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Иванов А.Л., Столбовой В.С., Гребенников А.М.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Ivanov A.L., Stolbovoy V.S., Grebennikov A.M.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://bulletin.esoil.ru/jour/article/view/691">https://bulletin.esoil.ru/jour/article/view/691</self-uri><abstract><p>Рассмотрены концепции, определяющие политику охраны и рационального использования почв (ОРИП) в Европейском союзе (ЕС). Установлено, что задачи охраны и рационального использования почв существенно эволюционировали с начала 90-х годов прошлого века. Вначале охрана и рациональное использование почв не рассматривались отдельно, а были связаны с охраной других компонентов окружающей среды, например, с загрязнением почвы в результате загрязнения воздуха или с утилизацией промышленных и коммунальных отходов. В 2006 г. была принята независимая “Стратегия защиты почв ЕС”. Главным образом в документе рассматривались защита почв от физических воздействий (эрозии, уплотнения и т. д.) и сохранение их функций. Новая “Почвенная стратегия 2030” основана на положениях предыдущего стратегического документа и, в первую очередь, направлена на улучшение здоровья почвы. Особое внимание уделяется сохранению почв как пространственного ресурса и их эффективному использованию в системе циркулярной (экономика замкнутого цикла) экономики. Рассматривая эволюцию политики ЕС в отношении охраны и рационального использования почв, можно сделать вывод, что основное развитие привело к пониманию важности здоровья почв и осознанию необходимости сохранения почвы как мультицелевой пространственно-функциональной основы для здоровья людей, живой природы и климата.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The concepts defining the policy of soil protection and rational use (SPRU) in the European Union (EU) are considered. It is found that the focuses of SPRU have evolved significantly since the early 1990s. Initially the SPRU was not considered separately, it was associated with the protection of other environment components, for example, soil соntamination resulting from air pollution or the disposal of industrial and municipal wastes. In 2006 the stand-alone EU Soil Protection Strategy was established. This document was focused on soil protection against physical degradation (erosion, compaction, sealing, etc.) and on preservation of soil functions. The new Soil Strategy 2030 is based on the provisions of the previous Strategy document and is primarily aimed at improving soil health. Special attention is paid to the conservation of soils as a spatial resource and its efficient use in the system of a circular (closed-loop economy) economy. Looking at the evolution of the EU policy towards the SPRU, it can be concluded that the main development has led to an understanding of the importance of soil health and awareness of the need to conserve soil as multi-target spatial and functional basis for human health, wildlife and climate.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>здоровье почв</kwd><kwd>охрана почв</kwd><kwd>загрязнение почв</kwd><kwd>деградация почв</kwd><kwd>почвы и циркулярная экономика</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>soil health</kwd><kwd>soil protection</kwd><kwd>soil pollution</kwd><kwd>soil degradation</kwd><kwd>soil and circular economy</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Земельный кодекс Российской Федерации от 25.10.2001 N 136-ФЗ.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Zemel'nyi kodeks Rossiiskoi Federatsii ot 25.10.2001 N 136-FZ (Land Code of the Russian Federation of 25.10.2001 N 136-FZ).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit2"><label>2</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Соколов М.С., Марченко А.И., Санин С.С., Торопова Е.Ю., Чулкина В.А., Захаров А.Ф. 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