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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">esoil</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Бюллетень Почвенного института имени В.В. Докучаева</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Dokuchaev Soil Bulletin</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">0136-1694</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2312-4202</issn><publisher><publisher-name>V.V. Dokuchaev Soil Science Institute</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.19047/0136-1694-2022-111-97-115</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">esoil-693</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Статьи</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Характеристика гуминовых кислот дерново-подзолистой почвы при длительном воздействии разных систем удобрения</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Characteristics of humic acids in sod-podzolic soil under long-term exposure to different fertilization systems</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4005-8998</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Завьялова</surname><given-names>Н. Е.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Zavyalova</surname><given-names>N. E.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">nezavyalova@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4048-6319</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Васбиева</surname><given-names>М. Т.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Vasbieva</surname><given-names>M. T.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">vasbievamt15@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ямалтдинова</surname><given-names>В. Р.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Yamaltdinova</surname><given-names>V. R.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">psc@permsc.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шляпина</surname><given-names>Я. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Shlyapina</surname><given-names>Ya. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">psc@permsc.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Пермский федеральный исследовательский центр УрО РАН</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Perm Federal Research Center Ural Brunch Russian Academy of Sciences</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2022</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>25</day><month>09</month><year>2022</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>111</issue><fpage>97</fpage><lpage>115</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Завьялова Н.Е., Васбиева М.Т., Ямалтдинова В.Р., Шляпина Я.В., 2022</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2022</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Завьялова Н.Е., Васбиева М.Т., Ямалтдинова В.Р., Шляпина Я.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Zavyalova N.E., Vasbieva M.T., Yamaltdinova V.R., Shlyapina Y.V.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://bulletin.esoil.ru/jour/article/view/693">https://bulletin.esoil.ru/jour/article/view/693</self-uri><abstract><p>В условиях длительного стационарного опыта изучены элементный состав и структура гуминовых кислот дерново-подзолистой тяжелосуглинистой почвы Предуралья при длительном применении органической, минеральной и органоминеральной систем удобрения. Минеральные удобрения способствовали формированию гуминовых кислот с повышенным содержанием алифатических компонентов, отношением Н : С = 1.45 и высокой степенью окисленности (w = 0.41). Низкое содержание азота в гуминовых кислотах (от 2.0 до 2.6 ат. %), при различных системах удобрения связано, прежде всего, с его низким содержанием в растительной биомассе возделываемых в севообороте культур. Органическая система удобрения привела к обогащению структурных агрегатов гуминовых кислот ароматическими группами и азотом. Высокая интенсивность поглощения группы &gt;С=О карбоновых кислот в области 1 717 см-1 и двойных связей углеродных атомов при 1 627 см-1 подтверждает это положение. Наибольшее количество карбоксильных групп в своем составе имеют гуминовые кислоты варианта “навоз 10 т/га” и “навоз 5 т/га + экв. NPK”. Наиболее слабо колебания группы &gt;С=О карбоновых кислот выражены в гуминовых кислотах почвы при минеральной системе удобрения.Варианты с органоминеральной системой удобрения занимают промежуточное положение по содержанию в гуминовых кислотах основных конституционных элементов. По данным термографического анализа при длительном применении минеральных удобрений отношение потери массы в низкотемпературной области к потере массы в высокотемпературной области (Z) около 0,9, т. е. в структуре гуминовых кислот увеличивается доля компонентов алифатической природы, по сравнению с таковой в неудобренной или унавоженной почвой.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The elemental composition and structure of humic acids in the soddy-podzolic heavy loamy soil of the Cis-Urals were studied during long-term application of organic, mineral and organo-mineral fertilizers under conditions of a long-term stationary experiment. Mineral fertilizers contributed to the formation of humic acids with increased content of aliphatic components, the ratio H : C = 1.45 and a high degree of oxidation (ω = 0.41). The low content of nitrogen in humic acids (from 2.0 to 2.6 at.%), with various fertilizer systems, is primarily due to its low content in the plant biomass of crops cultivated in crop rotation.The organic fertilizer system resulted in the enrichment of the structural aggregates of humic acids with aromatic groups and nitrogen. The high intensity of absorption of the &gt;C=O group of carboxylic acids in the region of 1 717 cm-1 and double bonds of carbon atoms at 1 627 cm-1 confirms this position. Humic acids of the “manure 10 t/ha” and “manure 5 t/ha + equiv. NPK” have the largest number of carboxyl groups in their composition. The vibrations of the &gt;C=O group of carboxylic acids are most weakly expressed in soil humic acids with a mineral fertilizer system. Organo-mineral fertilizer system demonstrates intermediate results in terms of the content of the main constitutional elements in humic acids. Mineral fertilizers application reduces the amount and thermal stability of the structural components of humic acids, thereby contributing to the degradation of the most stable part of macromolecule, which can lead to the loss of potential soil fertility. Тhe use of mineral fertilizers on sod-podzolic heavy loamy soil led to the enrichment of humic acids with aliphatic fragments, and of organic ones – increased the content of stable components of aromatic nature, but lowered their thermal stability. According to thermographic analysis the ratio of weight loss in the low-temperature zone and the weight loss in the high-temperature zone (Z) during long-term use of mineral fertilizers is 0.9, i. e. the proportion of components of aliphatic nature in the structure of humic acids increases in comparison with unfertilized or manure fertilized soil.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>минеральные и органические удобрения</kwd><kwd>элементный состав гуминовых кислот</kwd><kwd>инфракрасные спектры</kwd><kwd>термогравиметрия</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>mineral and organic fertilizers</kwd><kwd>elemental composition</kwd><kwd>infrared spectra</kwd><kwd>thermogravimetry</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Завьялова Н.Е., Широких И.Г., Ямалтдинова В.Р. 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