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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">esoil</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Бюллетень Почвенного института имени В.В. Докучаева</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Dokuchaev Soil Bulletin</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">0136-1694</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2312-4202</issn><publisher><publisher-name>V.V. Dokuchaev Soil Science Institute</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.19047/0136-1694-2023-116-129-154</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">esoil-740</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Статьи</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Таксономическая и функциональная характеристика ксеротолерантного культивируемого прокариотного сообщества серозема пустыни Негев</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Taxonomic and functional characteristics of xerotolerant culturable bacterial community of Negev desert soil</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4617-7237</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Белов</surname><given-names>А. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Belov</surname><given-names>A. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">and.ant.be@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2547-2931</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Чепцов</surname><given-names>В. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Cheptsov</surname><given-names>V. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">cheptcov.vladimir@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Московский Государственный Университет имени М.В. Ломоносова;&#13;
Почвенный институт имени В.В. Докучаева</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Lomonosov Moscow State University;&#13;
Federal Research Centre “V.V. Dokuchaev Soil Science Institute”</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Московский Государственный Университет имени М.В. Ломоносова;&#13;
Институт космических исследований РАН</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Lomonosov Moscow State University;&#13;
Space Research Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2023</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>25</day><month>09</month><year>2023</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>116</issue><fpage>129</fpage><lpage>154</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Белов А.А., Чепцов В.С., 2023</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2023</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Белов А.А., Чепцов В.С.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Belov A.A., Cheptsov V.S.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://bulletin.esoil.ru/jour/article/view/740">https://bulletin.esoil.ru/jour/article/view/740</self-uri><abstract><p>Несмотря на значительное расширение географии исследований почвенных микроорганизмов в различных, в том числе, экстремальных природных средах, исследования биоразнообразия и метаболической активности почвенных микробных сообществ в условиях дефицита влаги являются немногочисленными. Нами изучено биоразнообразие культивируемых бактерий, выделенных из поверхностного горизонта серозема (Aridic Calcisol) пустыни Негев, после прединкубации почвенных образцов в условиях низкой доступности воды. Выявлено возрастание разнообразия культивируемых бактерий после прединкубации по сравнению с сообществом, выделенным из нативной почвы. Из нативных и прединкубированных образцов были выделены и идентифицированы 153 фенотипически уникальные чистые культуры бактерий 22 родов, относящихся к филумам Actinomycetota, Pseudomonadota, Bacillota и Bacteroidota. Таксономическое разнообразие культивируемых бактерий, выделенных из прединкубированных при активности воды (Aw) 0.90 образцов, было в 2 раза выше, чем при выделении из нативной почвы. Выявлен штамм рода Pedobacter, который может являться представителем не описанного ранее вида бактерий. Обнаружены бактерии родов Aerococcus, Bacillus, Brevibacterium, Staphylococcus и Stenotrophomonas, способные расти при Aw 0.91. Выявлен один штамм рода Microlunatus, способный к росту на безазотистой среде, проявляющий амилазную и протеазную активность и способный расти на среде с Aw вплоть до 0.96. Полученные результаты подтверждают гипотезу о том, что аридные экосистемы, в частности, пустынные почвы и породы, являются депозитарием ранее не изученного таксономического разнообразия бактерий с уникальными физиологическими свойствами, перспективными для изучения и потенциального внедрения в биотехнологические процессы.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Despite the significant expansion of the geography of soil microorganisms studies in various, including extreme natural environments, research on the biodiversity and metabolic activity of soil microbial communities under conditions of moisture deficiency are few. Biodiversity of culturable bacteria isolated from the surface horizon of the Negev desert soil (Aridic Calcisol) after pre-incubation of soil samples under the conditions of low water availability has been studied. An increase in the diversity of culturable bacteria after pre-incubation was revealed in comparison with the community isolated from the native soil. From the native and pre-incubated samples, 153 phenotypically unique pure cultures of bacteria from 22 genera belonging to the phyla Actinomycetota, Pseudomonadota, Bacillota, and Bacteroidota were isolated and identified. The taxonomic diversity of culturable bacteria isolated from the sample pre-incubated at a water activity (Aw) of 0.90 was two times higher than that obtained from the native soil. The strain of the genus Pedobacter has been identified, which may be a representative of a previously undescribed bacterial species. Bacteria of the genera Aerococcus, Bacillus, Brevibacterium, Staphylococcus, and Stenotrophomonas capable of growing at Aw 0.91 were found. One strain of the genus Microlunatus has been identified that is capable of growing on a nitrogen-free medium, exhibiting amylase and protease activity, and capable to growth on a medium with Aw down to 0.96. The obtained results confirm the hypothesis that arid ecosystems, in particular, desert soils and sediments, are a depository of a previously unexplored taxonomic diversity of bacteria with unique physiological properties that are promising for study and potential implementation in biotechnological processes.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>аридизация</kwd><kwd>актинобактерии</kwd><kwd>накопительная культура</kwd><kwd>активность воды</kwd><kwd>биоразнообразие</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>aridization</kwd><kwd>actinobacteria</kwd><kwd>liquid culture</kwd><kwd>water activity</kwd><kwd>biodiversity</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Исследование выполнено в рамках государственного задания Министерства науки и высшего образования Российской Федерации, тема № 2, номер ЦИТИС 121040800174–6 “Почвенные микробиомы: геномное разнообразие, функциональная активность, география и биотехнологический потенциал” в части изучения таксономического разнообразия культивируемых бактериальных сообществ и анализа данных и при частичной поддержке Министерства науки и высшего образования РФ, проект № 075-15-2021-1396 (в части тестирования чистых культур бактерий на способность к росту при низкой доступности воды и определения ферментативной активности).</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">The research was carried out within the framework of the state assignment of the Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Russian Federation, Project No. 2, CITIS number 121040800174-6 “Soil microbiomes: genomic diversity, functional activity, geography and biotechnological potential” in terms of studying taxonomic diversity of cultured bacterial communities and data analysis and with partial support of the Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Russian Federation, Project No. 075-15-2021-1396 (in terms of testing pure bacterial cultures for their ability to grow at low water availability and determination of enzymatic activity).</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Белов А.А., Чепцов В.С., Лысак Л.В. 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