esoilБюллетень Почвенного института имени В.В. ДокучаеваDokuchaev Soil Bulletin0136-16942312-4202V.V. Dokuchaev Soil Science Institute10.19047/0136-1694-2024-118-128-166esoil-756Research ArticleСтатьиТеплопроводность городских почв и субстратов почвенных конструкций: методические аспекты и математическое моделированиеThermal conductivity of urban and artificial soils: methodological aspects and mathematical modelingКокореваА. А.KokorevaA. A.

Кафедра почвоведения, ведущий научный сотрудник факультета почвоведения МГУ, Эксперт по экологической оценке пестицидов, к.б.н.

kokoreva.a@gmail.comКожуновА. В.KozhunovA. V.

Кафедра метеорологии и климатологии РГАУ-МСХА имени К.А. Тимирязева, аспирант, SPIN-код 8970-7252

avkozhunov@mail.ruБутылкинаМ. А.ButylkinaM. A.ДымоваИ. В.DymovaI. V.СтепаненкоВ. М.StepanenkoV. M.ИвановаА. Е.IvanovaA. E.МГУ им. М.В. Ломоносова, факультет почвоведения ФГБУ науки “Институт лесоведения Российской академии наук”РоссияLomonosov Moscow State University Federal State Budgetary Institution of Science “Institute of Forestry of the Russian Academy of Sciences”Russian FederationФГБОУ ВО Российский государственный аграрный университет - МСХА имени К.А. Тимирязева, кафедра метеорологии и климатологии.РоссияRussian State Agrarian University – Moscow Agricultural Academy named after K.A. TimiryazevRussian FederationМГУ им. М.В. ЛомоносоваРоссияLomonosov Moscow State UniversityRussian Federation2024250320240118128166Copyright © Кокорева А.А., Кожунов А.В., Бутылкина М.А., Дымова И.В., Степаненко В.М., Иванова А.Е., 20242024Кокорева А.А., Кожунов А.В., Бутылкина М.А., Дымова И.В., Степаненко В.М., Иванова А.Е.Kokoreva A.A., Kozhunov A.V., Butylkina M.A., Dymova I.V., Stepanenko V.M., Ivanova A.E.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://bulletin.esoil.ru/jour/article/view/756

Для экспериментального определения зависимости теплопроводности от влажности почв и субстратов существуют различные методы. Исследовано влияние структуры образца (монолит, насыпной образец), температуры образца, способ установки зонда в образец на получаемые показания прибора TEMPOS, и предложены методические рекомендации. Показана зависимость теплопроводности насыпных образцов почв и субстратов от влажности. Разброс значений теплопроводности в диапазоне влажности от гигроскопической до полной влагоемкости для дерново-подзолистой почвы составляет 0.229–1.430 Вт/(м*К), для торфа – 0.250–0.521 Вт/(м*К), для песка – 0.280–2.605 Вт/(м*К), для смеси – 0.234–1.568 Вт/(м*К). Влияние таких свойств, как плотность, гранулометрический состав, удельная поверхность, содержание органического вещества, засоление, сказывается на тепловых свойствах в меньшей степени. Установленные закономерности могут быть использованы для расчета температурного режима почв при решении ряда прикладных задач, связанных с конструированием специальных почвенных объектов, например, при создании городских почвенных конструкций. Для этого необходимо либо экспериментально определять теплопроводность, либо рассчитывать ее по физическим параметрам почв и субстратов. Первый способ трудозатратен, второй – менее точен. В качестве демонстрации использованы уравнения, доступные для работы в модели HYDRUS-1D (Чанга–Хортона и Кэмпбелла). Эти уравнения либо переоценивают теплопроводность в области высоких влажностей субстратов, либо недооценивают теплопроводность в области низких влажностей субстратов (песок, суглинок, торф и смесь на их основе). 

There are various methods for experimental determination of the thermal conductivity dependence on soil moisture and substrates. The influence of the sample structure (monolith, bulk sample), sample temperature, the method of installing the probe into the sample on the obtained readings of the TEMPOS device was studied and methodological recommendations were proposed. The dependence of thermal conductivity of soils bulk samples and substrates on moisture is shown. The spread of thermal conductivity values in the moisture range from hygroscopic to full moisture capacity for soddy-podzolic soil is 0.229–1.430 W/(m*K), for peat – 0.250–0.521 W/(m*K), for sand – 0.280–2.605 W/(m*K), for a mixture – 0.234–1.568 W/(m*K). ). The influence of properties such as density, particle size distribution, specific surface area, organic matter content, salinity affected thermal properties to a lesser extent. The established patterns can be used to calculate the temperature regime of soils in solving a number of applied problems related to the construction of special soil objects, for example, when creating urban soil structures. For this, it is necessary either to determine the thermal conductivity experimentally, or to calculate it, using the physical parameters of soils and substrates. The first method is labor-consuming, the second is less accurate. As an example, the equations available for work in the HYDRUS-1D (Chang–Horton and Campbell) model are used. These equations either overestimate the thermal conductivity in the area of high substrate humidity, or underestimate the thermal conductivity in the area of low substrate humidity (sand, loam, peat and a mixture based on them).

зонд SH-3TEMPOSматематические моделиHYDRUS-1DSH-3 probeTEMPOSmathematical modelsHYDRUS-1DРабота выполнена по программе госбюджета МГУ “Физические основы экологических функций почв: технологии мониторинга, прогноза и управления”. Приборная база – исследование выполнено на аналитическом комплексе для определения текстурных характеристик дисперсных систем (Vapor 100, Meso 222, 3P INSTRUMENTS, Германия), приобретен по программе развития МГУ, и комплексе оборудования для исследования гидрофизических и тепловых свойств почв, закупленного по Программе развития МГУ для Междисциплинарной научно-образовательной школы Московского университета “Будущее планеты и глобальные изменения окружающей среды” и др.The work was carried out with the financial support of state budget programme in Moscow State University “Physical bases of ecological functions of soils: monitoring, forecasting and management technologies”. 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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.