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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">esoil</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Бюллетень Почвенного института имени В.В. Докучаева</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Dokuchaev Soil Bulletin</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">0136-1694</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2312-4202</issn><publisher><publisher-name>V.V. Dokuchaev Soil Science Institute</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.19047/0136-1694-2023-115-87-106</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">esoil-776</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Статьи</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Энергия диспергации суглинистых почв до элементарных почвенных частиц с помощью ультразвука</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Energy of dispersing of loamy soils to elementary particles using ultrasound</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2453-3090</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Юдина</surname><given-names>А. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Yudina</surname><given-names>A. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Анна Викторовна Юдина – кандидат биологических наук, заведующий лабораторией, старший научный сотрудник лаб. физики и гидрологии почв, IstinaResearcherID (IRID): 8510728, ResearcherID: R-9840-2016, Scopus Author ID: 57193404063.</p><p>119017, Москва, Пыжевский пер, 7, стр. 2</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>7 Bld. 2 Pyzhevskiy per., Moscow 119017</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">yudina_av@esoil.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3733-0284</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Фомин</surname><given-names>Д. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Fomin</surname><given-names>D. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Дмитрий Сергеевич Фомин</p><p>119017, Москва, Пыжевский пер, 7, стр. 2</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>7 Bld. 2 Pyzhevskiy per., Moscow 119017</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">fomin_ds@esoil.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФИЦ “Почвенный институт им. В.В. Докучаева”</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Federal Research Centre “V.V. Dokuchaev Soil Science Institute”</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2023</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>04</day><month>08</month><year>2023</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>115</issue><fpage>87</fpage><lpage>106</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Юдина А.В., Фомин Д.С., 2023</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2023</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Юдина А.В., Фомин Д.С.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Yudina A.V., Fomin D.S.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://bulletin.esoil.ru/jour/article/view/776">https://bulletin.esoil.ru/jour/article/view/776</self-uri><abstract><p>Элементарные почвенные частицы – первый специфичный для почв уровень иерархии структуры почвы, также являющийся объектом гранулометрического состава почв. Для диспергации твердой фазы почв до элементарных почвенных частиц необходимо разрушить прочные связи между частицами с помощью физического воздействия. Эффективным способом физической диспергации является воздействие на почвенные суспензии ультразвуком. Однако в зависимости от типа почвы необходимый уровень энергии может варьировать, так как он определяется устойчивостью структуры почвы. В данной работе был проведен эксперимент с увеличивающейся в диапазоне от 65 до 1 101 Дж·мл-1 энергией ультразвуковой диспергации при постоянной мощности равной 32.4 Ватт. Для эксперимента были выбраны верхние горизонты трех типов почв – дерново-подзолистой, серой лесной и чернозема суглинистого гранулометрического состава. Для этого был использован диспергатор зондового типа Digital Sonifier S-250D (Branson Ultrasonics, США) со ступенчатым цельным наконечником (stepped solid horn tip, 13 мм). Установлено, что величина суммарной энергии диспергации Et, необходимая для полного разрушения агрегатов почв до ЭПЧ, зависит от типа почв и варьирует в пределах 200–800 Дж·мл-1 для суглинистых почв с содержанием органического вещества 1.8–4.6 100 г-1 почвы. Для пробоподготовки почв к гранулометрическому анализу и последующего определения текстурного класса почв согласно классификации Качинского достаточной является величина Et = 250 Дж·мл-1, так как она позволяет получить максимальное количество физической глины (&lt;10 мкм) при минимальной длительности пробоподготовки.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Elementary soil particles are the first soil-specific level in the soil structure hierarchy, which is also the object of the soil texture analysis. To disperse soil solids to elementary soil particles (ESP), it is necessary to break the strong bonds between particles by physical action. An effective way of physical dispersion is to treat soil suspensions with ultrasound. However, depending on the type of soil, the required energy level varies, as it is determined by the stability of the soil structure. In this work the experiment with increasing energy (from 65 to 1 101 J·mL-1) of ultrasonic dispersion at constant power equal to 32.4 W is described. Soil samples from the upper horizons of three types of loamy soils (Retisol, Phaeozem, Chernozem) were used in the experiment. For this purpose, a horn-type ultrasonic disruptor Digital Sonifier S-250D (Branson Ultrasonics, USA) with a stepped solid horn tip (13 mm) was used. It was found that the value of the total energy of dispersion Et required for complete destruction of soil aggregates to ESP depends on soil type and varies within 200–800 J·mL-1 for loamy soils with an organic matter content of 1.8–4.6 g. 100 g-1 soil. For sample preparation of soils for grain-size analysis with a subsequent determination of soil texture class according to Kachinsky classification, the value Et = 250 J·mL-1 is sufficient, as it allows obtaining the maximum amount of physical clay (&lt;10 µm) at the minimum duration of sample preparation.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>гранулометрический состав</kwd><kwd>лазерная дифрактометрия</kwd><kwd>ультравук</kwd><kwd>пробоподготовка</kwd><kwd>гранулометрический анализ</kwd><kwd>фракционирование почв</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>soil texture</kwd><kwd>laser diffractometry</kwd><kwd>pretreatment</kwd><kwd>grain-size analysis</kwd><kwd>soil fractionation</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Анализ методом лазерной дифракции выполнен с привлечением оборудования ЦКП “Функции и свойства почв и почвенного покрова” Почвенного института им. В.В. Докучаева (регистрационный номер 441994, https://ckp-rf.ru/ckp/441994/)</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">Analysis using laser diffraction method was carried out with the equipment of the Centre for Collective Use “Functions and Properties of Soils and Soil Cover” of the V.V. Dokuchaev Soil Science Institute (registration number 441994, https://ckp-rf.ru/ckp/441994/)</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Березин П.Н. Особенности распределения гранулометрических элементов почв и почвообразующих пород // Почвоведение. 1983. № 2. 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