esoilБюллетень Почвенного института имени В.В. ДокучаеваDokuchaev Soil Bulletin0136-16942312-4202V.V. Dokuchaev Soil Science Institute10.19047/0136-1694-2024-119-6-29esoil-800Research ArticleСтатьиМикробиом постагрогенных палевых почв центральной ЯкутииSoil microbiome of Plaggic Anthrosol and Calcic Cryosols in Central Yakutiahttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-6171-3221ПоляковВ. И.PolyakovV. I.

Кафедра Прикладной экологии СПбГУ, младший научный сотрудник

v.polyakov@spbu.ruПетровА. А.PetrovA. A.petrov_alexey@mail.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-5248-9018АбакумовЕ. В.AbakumovE. V.

Кафедра прикладной экологии СПбГУ, профессор

e_abakumov@mail.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-0348-7021КимеклисА. К.KimeklisA. K.kimeklis@gmail.comhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-5489-1414ГладковГ. В.GladkovG. V.ruginodis@gmail.comhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-5204-262XАндроновЕ. Е.AndronovE. E.eeandr@gmail.comСанкт-Петербургский государственный университет, Арктический и Антарктический научно-исследовательский институтРоссияSaint Petersburg State University Arctic and Antarctic Research InstituteRussian FederationНаучно-исследовательский институт прикладной экологии Севера СВФУ имени профессора Д. Д. СаввиноваРоссияResearch Institute of Applied Ecology of the North Professor D. D. Savvinov SVFURussian FederationСанкт-Петербургский государственный университетРоссияSaint Petersburg State UniversityRussian FederationВсероссийский научно-исследовательский институт сельскохозяйственной микробиологииРоссияSaint Petersburg State University All-Russian Research Institute of Agricultural MicrobiologyRussian FederationВсероссийский научно-исследовательский институт сельскохозяйственной микробиологии, Почвенный институт им. В.В. ДокучаеваРоссияAll-Russian Research Institute of Agricultural Microbiology Federal Research Centre “V.V. Dokuchaev Soil Science Institute”Russian Federation2024250620240119629Copyright © Поляков В.И., Петров А.А., Абакумов Е.В., Кимеклис А.К., Гладков Г.В., Андронов Е.Е., 20242024Поляков В.И., Петров А.А., Абакумов Е.В., Кимеклис А.К., Гладков Г.В., Андронов Е.Е.Polyakov V.I., Petrov A.A., Abakumov E.V., Kimeklis A.K., Gladkov G.V., Andronov E.E.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://bulletin.esoil.ru/jour/article/view/800

Изучено микробное сообщество палевых почв естественных, залежных и сельскохозяйственных экосистем центральной Якутии. Использован метод высокопроизводительного секвенирования фрагмента гена 16S рРНК на секвенаторе Illumina MiSeq. В палевых почвах залежных земель происходит снижение содержания питательных веществ по отношению к землям, вовлеченным в сельскохозяйственный оборот. В составе микробиома палевых почв преобладают бактерии из филумов Acidobacteria, Actinobacteria, Verrucomicrobiota, Pseudomonadota (Alphaproteobacteria, Gammaproteobacteria), Bacterioidota, Chloroflexi, Planctomycetota. Выявлена высокая численность таксонов микроорганизмов Udaeobacter, Pirullulacea и Acidobacteriota, характерных для микробиома мерзлотных почв. Почвы залежей и пашни характеризовались более высокими индексами микробного альфа-разнообразия по сравнению с почвами естественных экосистем. В почве залежи повышалась представленность архей и филума Chloroflexi, при этом снижалась доля Verrucomicrobiota и Acidobacteriota. До 17.8% филотипов в таксономическом составе микробиома палевых почв являются уникальными и до 25.7% – общими между залежными и фоновыми участками. Анализ бета-разнообразия микробиома разных типов земель свидетельствуют о том, что палевые почвы залежей центральной Якутии за последние 30 лет претерпели значительную трансформацию в сторону зональных почвенных рядов.

Soil microbiome makes a significant contribution to the implementation of ecosystem services, which are necessary for the sustainable functioning of ecosystems. Soils of central Yakutia develop under dynamic physical and chemical conditions (long-term freezing/thawing processes, redistribution of nutrients), which ensures the formation of a specific microbial community in natural and anthropogenically transformed areas. The object of the study was the natural, fallow, and agricultural soils of central Yakutia. The method of high-throughput sequencing of 16S rRNA gene fragment on Illumina MiSEQ sequencer was used to analyze the microbial community. As a result, in fallow lands a decrease in nutrients was revealed if compared to the lands involved in agricultural turnover. Based on the composition of the microbiome it was observed that the most common phyla are Acidobacteria, Actinobacteria, Verrucomicrobiota, Pseudomonadota (Alphaproteobacteria, Gammaproteobacteria), Bacterioidota, Chloroflexi, Planctomycetota. The presence of a core set of microorganisms for the studied soils was recorded, up to 17.8% of phylotypes are unique and up to 25.7% are common to fallow lands and background plots. Microbial communities vary depending on geographical locations and on types of natural resource use. The most distinct microbial communities are formed in hydromorphic soils with the development of gley processes, as well as in agricultural soils.

16S-ампликоныбиоразнообразие почввысокопроизводительное секвенированиекриогенные почвы16S ampliconssoil biodiversityhigh-throughput sequencingpermafrost affected soilsРабота выполнена при поддержке Министерства науки и высшего образования Российской Федерации в соответствии с соглашением № 075-15-2022-322 от 22 апреля 2022 г. о предоставлении гранта в форме субсидии из федерального бюджета Российской Федерации. Грант был предоставлен на государственную поддержку создания и развития научного центра мирового уровня "Агротехнологии будущего".This work was also supported by the Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Russian Federation in accordance with agreement No. 075- 15-2022-322 date 22 April 2022 on providing a grant in the form of subsidies from the Federal budget of Russian Federation. 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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.