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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">esoil</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Бюллетень Почвенного института имени В.В. Докучаева</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Dokuchaev Soil Bulletin</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">0136-1694</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2312-4202</issn><publisher><publisher-name>V.V. Dokuchaev Soil Science Institute</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.19047/0136-1694-2024-120-231-264</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">esoil-811</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Статьи</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Влияние минерального удобрения пролонгированного действия на интенсивность мобилизации почвенного фосфора и калия</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Effect of slow-release mineral fertilizer on the intensity of phosphorus and potassium mobilization in soil</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1942-3738</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Васильева</surname><given-names>Н. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Vasilyeva</surname><given-names>N. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>в.н.с. Ситуационного аналитического центра, SPIN-код: 6049-3807</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">nadezda.vasilyeva@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Абасов</surname><given-names>Ш. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Abasov</surname><given-names>Sh. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">shaarany@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8223-393X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Владимиров</surname><given-names>А. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Vladimirov</surname><given-names>A. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">artem.a.vladimirov@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Духанин</surname><given-names>Ю. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Dukhanin</surname><given-names>Yu. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">dr.dukhanin@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-4"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9561-3103</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Перевертин</surname><given-names>К. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Perevertin</surname><given-names>K. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">perevertink@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-5"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Гаплаев</surname><given-names>М. Ш.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Gaplaev</surname><given-names>M. Sh.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">chechniish@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9098-5012</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Баматов</surname><given-names>И. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Bamatov</surname><given-names>I. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">ibragim-1991@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-4"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФИЦ  "Почвенный институт им. В.В. Докучаева"</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Federal Research Centre “V.V. Dokuchaev Soil Science Institute”</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Чеченский научно-исследовательский институт сельского хозяйства</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Chechen Research Institute of Agriculture</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Объединенный институт ядерных исследований&#13;
Почвенный институт им. В.В. Докучаева</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Joint Institute for Nuclear Research&#13;
Federal Research Centre “V.V. Dokuchaev Soil Science Institute”</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-4"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФИЦ "Почвенный институт им. В.В. Докучаева"</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Federal Research Centre “V.V. Dokuchaev Soil Science Institute”</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-5"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Институт проблем экологии и эволюции им. А.Н. Северцова РАН</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Severtsov Institute of Ecology and Evolution &#13;
of the Russian Academy of Sciences</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2024</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>25</day><month>09</month><year>2024</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>120</issue><fpage>231</fpage><lpage>264</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Васильева Н.А., Абасов Ш.М., Владимиров А.А., Духанин Ю.А., Перевертин К.А., Гаплаев М.Ш., Баматов И.М., 2024</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2024</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Васильева Н.А., Абасов Ш.М., Владимиров А.А., Духанин Ю.А., Перевертин К.А., Гаплаев М.Ш., Баматов И.М.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Vasilyeva N.A., Abasov S.M., Vladimirov A.A., Dukhanin Y.A., Perevertin K.A., Gaplaev M.S., Bamatov I.M.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://bulletin.esoil.ru/jour/article/view/811">https://bulletin.esoil.ru/jour/article/view/811</self-uri><abstract><p>Поиск новых технологий эффективного регулирования урожайности с сохранением (повышением) почвенного плодородия является актуальной задачей. Применение удобрений в формах с пролонгированным действием может одновременно решать обе задачи – экономить удобрения и повышать мобилизацию элементов питания из почвы. В настоящей работе с использованием данных полевого опыта с озимой пшеницей посредством математического моделирования исследовали механизм влияния пролонгированного удобрения на скорость мобилизации элементов в почве. Показано, что в варианте с самым медленно растворяющимся удобрением (оригинальное полимер-модифицированное удобрение азофоска с содержанием поливинилового спирта – 20%) достигалась самая высокая эффективность азофоски (прибавка урожая 1.3 т/га и прирост в почве подвижных форм фосфора 2.5 мг/100 г почвы, калия – 8.8 мг/100 г почвы и нитратного азота – 4.7 мг/100 г почвы). Результаты модели на примере фосфора количественно подтвердили предположение о том, что низкая скорость растворения удобрения усиливает мобилизацию питательных элементов из почвы за счет отсутствия избытка доступных растению форм питательных элементов. Даны оценки добавочной эффективности модифицированной азофоски за счет содержания полимера. Показано, что новая форма удобрения может быть применена для эффективного снижения количества удобрения на планируемый урожай, одновременно с возможностью выведения почвы на более высокий уровень эффективного плодородия по основным элементам питания.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The search for new technologies for effective regulation of yield and soil fertility is an urgent task. The use of slow-release fertilizers can simultaneously solve both problems – reducing fertilizer rates and increasing the mobilization of soil nutrients. In this paper, the mechanism of slow-release fertilizer effect on the mobilization rate of soil nutrients was investigated using mathematical modeling on the data of field trials with winter wheat. It is shown that in the plots with the slowest dissolving fertilizer (azofoska with 20% content of polyvinyl alcohol), the highest efficiency of azofoska was achieved (an increase in yield of 1.3 t/ha and an increase in mobile forms of phosphorus in the soil of 2.5 mg/100 g soil, potassium – 8.8 mg/100 g soil and nitrate nitrogen – 4.7 mg/100 g soil). The results of phosphorus modeling quantitatively confirmed the assumption that the low rate of dissolution of fertilizer enhances the mobilization of nutrients from soil due to the absence of an excess of plant available nutrients. We provide estimates of the polymer added efficiency for a series of polymer-modified fertilizer. It is shown that this form of fertilizer can be applied to effectively reduce the amount of fertilizer required for the planned harvest, simultaneously with the possibility of bringing the soil to a higher level of effective fertility in major nutrient elements.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>удобрения пролонгированного действия</kwd><kwd>почвенное плодородие</kwd><kwd>эффективное применение удобрений</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>slow-release fertilizers</kwd><kwd>soil fertility</kwd><kwd>effective application of fertilizer</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Работа выполнена при поддержке Российского научного фонда (проект № 22-16-00092).</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">This work was supported by the Russian Science Foundation (project No. 22-16-00092).</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Баматов И.М., Васильева Н.А., Васильев Т.А., Перевертин К.А. 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