References

esoil

Бюллетень Почвенного института имени В.В. Докучаева

Dokuchaev Soil Bulletin

0136-16942312-4202

V.V. Dokuchaev Soil Science Institute

10.19047/0136-1694-2024-120-265-294

esoil-812

Research Article

Статьи

Влияние биоуглей на концентрацию доступных для растений элементов в почве

Effect of biochars on the concentration of plant-available elements in the soil

https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4877-1536

Пономарев

К. О.

Ponomarev

K. O.

K.O.Ponomarev@utmn.ru

Дрягина

А. А.

Dryagina

A. A.

Филимоненко

Е. А.

Filimonenko

E. A.

Димитрюк

И. Д.

Dimitryuk

I. D.

Тюменский государственный университетРоссияUniversity of TyumenRussian Federation

2024

25092024

0120265294

2024

Пономарев К.О., Дрягина А.А., Филимоненко Е.А., Димитрюк И.Д.

Ponomarev K.O., Dryagina A.A., Filimonenko E.A., Dimitryuk I.D.

Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.

https://bulletin.esoil.ru/jour/article/view/812

Для решения экологических проблем и снижения экономических затрат необходимо усовершенствовать системы применения минеральных удобрений путем разработки и внедрения новых технологий, включая использование биоуглей. Из-за отсутствия эффективного мониторинга изменений в почве сложно корректировать нормы внесения удобрений. Это обуславливает важность информации об элементном составе биоугольных мелиорантов, используемых при снижении подвижности тяжелых металлов в почве. Применение биоугля для восстановления загрязненных почв основано на его способности иммобилизировать тяжелые металлы и органические поллютанты. В работе использовались биоугли, полученные медленным пиролизом разных видов органических материалов: сосновых опилок, навоза крупного рогатого скота (КРС), пшеничной соломы, скорлупы кедрового ореха и пивной дробины. Проанализировано влияние биоуглей (доза внесения 10 т/га) на концентрацию 13 элементов (C, N, K, P, Mg, Ca, Fe, Mn, Pb, Ni, Cr, Cd, Co) в почве. Анализ данных проводился после выращивания мягкой яровой пшеницы (Triticum aestivum L.) на дерново-подзолистых почвах. Установлено, что концентрации тяжелых металлов в мелиорированных биоуглями почвах значительно ниже предельно допустимых концентраций для почв (ПДК). Содержание свинца (Pb) в почвах с биоуглями в 9 и более раз ниже уровня ПДК, а биоуголь из отходов жизнедеятельности КРС достоверно снижает концентрацию этого металла в почве.

To solve environmental problems and reduce economic costs, it is necessary to improve mineral fertilizer application systems by developing and introducing new technologies, including the use of biochars. Due to the lack of effective monitoring of soil changes, it is difficult to adjust fertilizer application rates. This determines the importance of information on the elemental composition of biochar ameliorants used to reduce the mobility of heavy metals in the soil. The use of biochar for remediation of contaminated soils is based on its ability to immobilize heavy metals and organic pollutants. In this work biochars were used, obtained by slow pyrolysis of organic materials of different types: pine sawdust, cattle manure, wheat straw, pine nut shells and brewer's grains. The effect of biochars (biochar application at a dose of 10 t ha−1) on the concentration of 13 elements (C, N, K, P, Mg, Ca, Fe, Mn, Pb, Ni, Cr, Cd, Co) in the soil was analyzed. The data collected after growing of spring wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) on the sod-podzolic soils were analyzed. It has been established that the heavy metals concentrations in the studied soils reclaimed with biochars are significantly lower than the maximum allowable concentrations for soils (MAC). The content of lead (Pb) in soils treated with biochars is 9 or more times lower than the MAC level, and biochar, produced from manure, significantly reduces the concentration of this metal in the soil.

биоугольпиролизорганические отходыэлементный составмелиорация почв

biocharpyrolysisorganic wasteelement compositionsoil reclamation

Биоугли получены на оборудовании, закупленном в рамках Госзадания № FEWZ-2024-0013 (Научно-технические основы и прикладные решения ресурсоэффективной термической переработки органического сырья с получением продуктов с высокой добавленной стоимостью для энергетической, металлургической и сельскохозяйственной отраслей). Исследование выполнено при финансовой поддержке Российского научного фонда в рамках проекта № 23-76-01011 “Разработка высокопродуктивного субстрата с использованием биоугольных мелиорантов из термически переработанного органического сырья для выращивания микрозелени и овощной низкорослой продукции” (https://rscf.ru/project/23-76-01011/).

Biochar was obtained using equipment purchased under State assignment No. FEWZ-2024-0013 (Scientific and technical foundations and applied solutions for resource-efficient thermal processing of organic raw materials to produce high value-added products for the energy, metallurgical and agricultural industries). The research was financially supported by the Russian Science Foundation under Project No. 23-76-01011 “Development of a high-yield substrate using biochar ameliorants from thermally processed organic raw materials for growing microgreens and low-growth vegetable products” (https://rscf.ru/project/23-76-01011/).

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Zueva S., Kovalev A.A., Litti Y.V., Ippolito N.M., Innocenzi V., De Michelis I. Environmental and economic aspects of biomethane production from organic waste in Russia // Energies. 2021. Vol. 14. No. 17. P. 1–8. DOI: 10.3390/en14175244.

DOI: 10.3390/plants11010111.

Uusitalo R., Jansson H., Dissolved reactive phosphorus in runoff assessed by soil extraction with an acetate buffer, Agricultural and Food Science in Finland, 2002, Vol. 11, No. 4, pp. 343–353.

Vijayaraghavan K., The importance of mineral ingredients in biochar production, properties and applications, Critical Reviews in Environmental Science and Technology, 2021, Vol. 51, No. 2, pp. 113–139,

DOI: 10.1080/10643389.2020.1716654.

Wang Y., Yin R., Liu R., Characterization of biochar from fast pyrolysis and its effect on chemical properties of the tea garden soil, Journal of Analytical and Applied Pyrolysis, 2014, Vol. 110, No. 1, pp. 375–381,

DOI: 10.1016/j.jaap.2014.10.006.

Waqas M., Aburiazaiza A.S., Miandad R., Rehan M., Barakat M.A., Nizami A.S., Development of biochar as fuel and catalyst in energy recovery technologies, Journal of Cleaner Production, 2018, Vol. 188, pp. 477–488, DOI: 10.1016/j.jclepro.2018.04.017.

Xu X., Zhao Y., Sima J., Zhao L., Mašek O., Cao X., Indispensable role of biochar-inherent mineral constituents in its environmental applications: A review, Bioresource Technology, 2017, Vol. 241, pp. 887–899,

DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2017.06.023.

Zueva S., Kovalev A.A., Litti Y.V., Ippolito N.M., Innocenzi V., De Michelis I., Environmental and economic aspects of biomethane production from organic waste in Russia, Energies, 2021, Vol. 14, No. 17, pp. 1–8,

DOI: 10.3390/en14175244.

The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.