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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">esoil</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Бюллетень Почвенного института имени В.В. Докучаева</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Dokuchaev Soil Bulletin</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">0136-1694</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2312-4202</issn><publisher><publisher-name>V.V. Dokuchaev Soil Science Institute</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.19047/0136-1694-2024-118-167-187</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">esoil-831</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Статьи</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Удельная поверхность и микроструктура поверхности твердой фазы почвенных субстратов разного генезиса</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Specific surface area and microstructure of the surface of soil solid substrates of different genesis</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1303-8078</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Широян</surname><given-names>М. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Shiroyan</surname><given-names>M. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">suslenkovamaria@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2124-8657</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Умарова</surname><given-names>А. Б.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Umarova</surname><given-names>A. B.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">a.b.umarova@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Федотова</surname><given-names>А. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Fedotova</surname><given-names>A. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Бутылкина</surname><given-names>М. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Butylkina</surname><given-names>M. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>МГУ им. М.В. Ломоносова</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Lomonosov Moscow State University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Федеральный научный центр агроэкологии, комплексных мелиораций и защитного лесоразведения Российской академии наук &#13;
(ФНЦ агроэкологии РАН)</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Federal Scientific Center for Agroecology, Integrated Land Reclamation and Protective Afforestation of the Russian Academy of Sciences</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2024</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>25</day><month>03</month><year>2024</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>118</issue><fpage>167</fpage><lpage>187</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Широян М.М., Умарова А.Б., Федотова А.В., Бутылкина М.А., 2024</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2024</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Широян М.М., Умарова А.Б., Федотова А.В., Бутылкина М.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Shiroyan M.M., Umarova A.B., Fedotova A.V., Butylkina M.A.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://bulletin.esoil.ru/jour/article/view/831">https://bulletin.esoil.ru/jour/article/view/831</self-uri><abstract><p>Изучены сорбционные характеристики песка, торфа, горизонта Апах урбанозема г. Москвы и смеси данных субстратов во взаимосвязи с топографией поверхности их твердой фазы, исследованной методом сканирующей электронной микроскопии (СЭМ). Наибольшей способностью сорбировать азот обладает горизонт Апах, весьма низкие значения сорбции азота имеет торфяный субстрат. Иная картина взаимного расположения изотерм сорбции субстратов наблюдается в случае использования паров воды в качестве сорбирующегося газа. Высокими значениями сорбированной влаги во всем исследуемом диапазоне относительной влажности выделяется торф. Это ведет к различиям при ранжировании субстратов по величинам удельной поверхности в порядке убывания ее значений. Так, удельная поверхность по воде в ряду торф/гор. Апах / смесь / песок составила: 420 / 72 /45 / 4 м2/г соответственно. Удельная поверхность по азоту снижалась в иной последовательности: 8.31 / 2.41 / 1.45 / 0.55 м2/г для гор. Апах, смеси, торфа, песка соответственно. Анализ микроструктурных характеристик методом СЭМ при различных увеличениях выявил наиболее развитую, шероховатую поверхность пахотного горизонта. Он оказался геометрически наиболее разнообразен даже при увеличениях 20 000. Разнообразие и неоднородность рельефа поверхности раздела фаз ведет к возникновению гистерезиса кривых сорбции/десорбции. Его выраженность по диапазону концентрации паров азота, в котором обнаруживается гистерезис, и по максимальной ширине петли гистерезиса также оказалась наибольшей в горизонте Апах. Очень низкая удельная поверхность по азоту торфа, близкая песчаному субстрату, связана с наличием органических пленок, драпирующих и выравнивающих поверхность частиц торфа, что было выявлено при анализе изображений, полученных методом сканирующей электронной микроскопии. Сорбция воды показала их высокую гидрофильность, что привело к высоким значениям влажности субстрата во всем исследуемом диапазоне относительной влажности воздуха. </p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The sorption characteristics of sand, peat, the arable layer of Moscow urbanozem and a mixture of these substrates were studied in conjunction with the surface topography of their solid phase, studied by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The arable layer has the greatest ability to absorb nitrogen, and the peat substrate showed very low values of the sorbed gas. A different picture of the mutual arrangement of substrate sorption isotherms is observed when water vapour is used as a sorbing gas. Peat is distinguished by high values of sorbed moisture in the entire studied range of relative humidity. This leads to differences in the ranking of substrates by specific surface area in descending order of its values. So, the specific surface area by water sorption in the series: peat / arable layer / mixture / sand was: 420 / 72 / 45 / 4 m2/g, respectively. The given surface was ranked according to nitrogen sorption in a different sequence: 8.31 / 2.41 / 1.45 / 0.55 for the series: arable layer, mixture, peat and sand, respectively. The analysis of microstructural characteristics by the SEM method at various magnifications revealed the most developed, rough surface in the arable layer. It turned out to be geometrically the most diverse, even at magnification of ×20 000. The variety and heterogeneity of the relief of the interface of the phases leads to the appearance of hysteresis of the sorption/desorption curves. Its severity in the range of nitrogen vapor concentration in which hysteresis is detected, and in the maximum width of the hysteresis loop, also turned out to be the most significant in the arable layer. The very low nitrogen specific surface of peat, which is close to a sandy substrate, is associated with the presence of organic films draping and leveling the surface of peat particles, which was revealed by analyzing images obtained by scanning electron microscopy. The sorption of water showed their high hydrophilicity, which led to high values of substrate humidity in the entire studied range of relative humidity. </p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>гидросорбция</kwd><kwd>десорбция азота</kwd><kwd>сканирующая электронная микроскопия</kwd><kwd>гистерезис кривых сорбции</kwd><kwd>торф</kwd><kwd>песок</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>hydrosorption</kwd><kwd>nitrogen desorption</kwd><kwd>scanning electron microscopy</kwd><kwd>hysteresis of sorption curves</kwd><kwd>peat</kwd><kwd>sand</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Определение удельной поверхности по азоту выполнено на “Аналитическом комплексе для определения текстурных характеристик дисперсных систем” (Meso 222, Vapor 100, 3P Instruments, Германия, 2021), приобретенном по Программе развития Московского государственного университета М.В. Ломоносова. Исследование микростроения субстратов проводилось в центре коллективного пользования “Электронная микроскопия в науках о жизни” МГУ им. М.В. Ломоносова (УНУ “Трехмерная электронная микроскопия и спектроскопия”). Исследование выполнено в рамках государственного задания Министерства науки и высшего образования Российской Федерации “Физические основы экологических функций почв: технологии мониторинга, прогноза и управления” (номер ЦИТИС 121040800146-3).</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">Nitrogen specific surface area was determined by means of the “Analytical complex for determination of texture characteristics of dispersed systems” (Meso 222, Vapor 100, 3P Instruments, Germany, 2021), purchased within the framework of the Development Programme of the Lomonosov Moscow State University. The study of substrate microstructure was carried out at the Shared Research Facility “Electron microscopy in life sciences” at Moscow State University (Unique Equipment “Three-dimensional electron microscopy and spectroscopy”). T. The research was carried out within the framework of the state assignment of the Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Russian Federation “Physical bases of ecological functions of soils: monitor-ing, forecasting and management technologies” (CITIS number 121040800146-3).</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Витязев В.Г., Чижикова Н.П., Шевченко А.В. Удельная поверхность и состав минералов илистых фракций подзолистых почв // Известия ТСХА. 1983. Вып. 3. 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