esoilБюллетень Почвенного института имени В.В. ДокучаеваDokuchaev Soil Bulletin0136-16942312-4202V.V. Dokuchaev Soil Science Institute10.19047/0136-1694-2026-127-212-242esoil-868Research ArticleСтатьиРаспределение изотопного состава углерода между компонентами органического вещества в целинном и пахотном типичном черноземеDistribution of the isotopic composition of carbon between components of organic matter in virgin and cultivated typical chernozems (Haplic Chernozem)https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9781-9351АртемьеваЗ. С.ArtemyevaZ. S.

119017, Москва, Пыжевский пер, 7, стр. 2

7 Bld. 2 Pyzhevskiy per., Moscow 119017 

artemyevazs@mail.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-1202-657XЗазовскаяЭ. П.ZazovskayaE. P.

119017 Москва, Старомонетный пер., 29 

29 Staromonetnyi per., Moscow 119017 

zaszovsk@gmail.comhttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-5101-8751ЗасухинаЕ. С.ZasukhinaE. S.

119333 Москва, ул. Вавилова, 44, корп. 2 

bld. 2, 44 Vavilova, Moscow 119333 

elenzet@bk.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-5805-4285ЯрославцеваН. В.YaroslavtsevaN. V.

119017, Москва, Пыжевский пер, 7, стр. 2 

7 Bld. 2 Pyzhevskiy per., Moscow 119017 

nadezhdayaros@gmail.comhttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-8934-8705ЦомаеваЕ. В.TsomaevaE. V.

119017, Москва, Пыжевский пер, 7, стр. 2 

7 Bld. 2 Pyzhevskiy per., Moscow 119017 

liza1999.01@yandex.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-0565-2812КогутБ. М.KogutB. M.

119017, Москва, Пыжевский пер, 7, стр. 2 

7 Bld. 2 Pyzhevskiy per., Moscow 119017 

kogutb@mail.ruФИЦ “Почвенный институт им. В.В. Докучаева”РоссияFederal Research Centre “V.V. Dokuchaev Soil Science Institute”Russian FederationИнститут географии РАНРоссияInstitute of Geography RASRussian FederationФедеральный исследовательский центр “Информатика и управление” РАНРоссияFederal Research Center “Computer Science and Control” RASRussian Federation2026130420260127212242Copyright © Артемьева З.С., Зазовская Э.П., Засухина Е.С., Ярославцева Н.В., Цомаева Е.В., Когут Б.М., 20262026Артемьева З.С., Зазовская Э.П., Засухина Е.С., Ярославцева Н.В., Цомаева Е.В., Когут Б.М.Artemyeva Z.S., Zazovskaya E.P., Zasukhina E.S., Yaroslavtseva N.V., Tsomaeva E.V., Kogut B.M.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://bulletin.esoil.ru/jour/article/view/868

С помощью метода гранулоденсиметрического фракционирования из поверхностных горизонтов типичного чернозема Курской области резко различных вариантов (степь и бессменный чистый пар) были выделены компоненты органического вещества (ОВ) разной локализации в почвенной матрице. Данные изотопного анализа показали, что локализацию ОВ в почве можно рассматривать в качестве критического условия его биодеградации. Компоненты ОВ разной локализации в почвенной матрице (свободное (ЛФСВ), агрегированное ОВ (ЛФАГР); ОВ илистых фракций (Ил), ОВ фракции Остаток (Ост)) подвергаются микробной обработке в разной степени, что приводит к фракционированию 13С и находит отражение в различиях их изотопной сигнатуры (δ13С): величина δ13C минерально-ассоциированного ОВ (Ил + Ост) выше по сравнению с таковой дискретного ОВ (ЛФСВ + ЛФАГР). В условиях длительного режима чистого пара (52 года), в силу практически полного отсутствия поступления свежего растительного материала в течение длительного времени, изотопная сигнатура всех исследованных пулов ОВ, исключая ЛФСВ, сместилась в сторону “утяжеления” за счет субстратного эффекта, сопровождающегося усилением изотопной дискриминации по мере увеличения количества циклов микробной утилизации. Представленная концептуальная схема перегруппировки углерода (С) в системе компонентов ОВ в естественных условиях (степь) демонстрирует, что органический С растительного происхождения (вероятность – высокая) идет от ЛФСВ к фракции Ост через микроагрегаты внутри агрегатов (мА), состоящих из агрегированного ОВ и ОВ илистых частиц. Выявлено, что, несмотря на то что в чистом пару основные пути образования ОВ остались прежними, их вероятность резко снизилась по сравнению с таковыми в варианте степь, повидимому, в результате замедления микробной активности, вызванного резкими негативными изменениями качества ОВ.

Using the method of granular-densitometric fractionation, pools of organic matter (OM) of different localization in the soil matrix were isolated from the surface horizons of Haplic Chernozem of the contrasting land use variants (steppe and bare fallow) (Kursk region). Isotope analysis demonstrated that the localization of OM in the soil matrix can be considered as a critical condition for its biodegradation. OM pools of different localization in the soil matrix (free (LFfr), occluded OM (LFocc); OM of clay fractions (Clay), OM of the Residue fraction (Res)) are subjected to varying degrees of microbial processing, which leads to fractionation of 13C fractionation and is reflected in their differences isotopic signature (δ13С): the δ13C value of mineral-associated OM (Clay + Res) is higher compared to that of discrete OM (LFfr +LFocc). Under conditions of a long bare fallow regime (52 years), due to the almost complete absence of fresh plant material inputs for a long time, the isotopic signature of all studied OM pools, excluding LFfr, shifted towards the 13C enrichment of OM due to the substrate effect, accompanied by increased isotopic discrimination with an increase in the number of microbial recycling cycles. The presented conceptual scheme of carbon (C) fluxes in a system of OM pools in native conditions (steppe) demonstrates that the C flow of plant origin (high probability) goes from LFfr to the Res through microaggregates within aggregates (mA) consisting of occluded OM and Clay-bound OMIt was revealed that, despite the fact that in the bare fallow the main pathways of OM formation remained the same, their probability decreased sharply compared to those in the steppe, apparently as a result of a slowdown in microbial activity caused by sharp negative changes in the OM quality. 

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.