esoilБюллетень Почвенного института имени В.В. ДокучаеваDokuchaev Soil Bulletin0136-16942312-4202V.V. Dokuchaev Soil Science Institute10.19047/0136-1694-2025-124-224-253esoil-933Research ArticleСпециальный номер "Органическое вещество почв"Special Issue "Soil Organic Matter"Водоэкстрагируемое органическое вещество и микробиологическая активность агродерново-подзолистых почв под основными сельскохозяйственными культурами Нечерноземья с разным фоном минерального питанияWater-Extractable Organic Matter And Biological Activity Of Agrodernovo-Podzolic Soils Under Main Crops In The Non-Chernozem Region With Different Mineral Nutrition Backgroundhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-6896-7897ХолодовВ. А.KholodovV. A.

Холодов Владимир А.

119017, Москва, Пыжевский пер, 7, стр. 2

VladimirA. Kholodov 

7 Bld. 2 Pyzhevskiy per., Moscow 119017 

vkholod@mail.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-2769-5941ЗиганшинаА. Р.ZiganshinaA. R.

Зиганшина Алия Р.

119017, Москва, Пыжевский пер, 7, стр. 2

Aliia R. Ziganshina

7 Bld. 2 Pyzhevskiy per., Moscow 119017 

mpum6009@gmail.comhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-4358-4419ДанченкоН. Н.DanchenkoN. N.

Данченко Наталья Н.

119017, Москва, Пыжевский пер, 7, стр. 2

Natalia N. Danchenko 

7 Bld. 2 Pyzhevskiy per., Moscow 119017 

nataly_danch@mail.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-1842-1754НикитинД. А.NikitinD. A.

Никитин Дмитрий А.

 119017, Москва, Пыжевский пер, 7, стр. 2

7 Bld. 2 Pyzhevskiy per., Moscow 119017 

dimnik90@mail.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-1657-1396Данилова-ДанильянЕ. А.Danilova-DanilyanE. A.

Данилова-Данильян Елизавета А.

119017, Москва, Пыжевский пер, 7, стр. 2

Elizaveta A. Danilova-Danilyan

7 Bld. 2 Pyzhevskiy per., Moscow 119017 

 

danilovadanilyanlm@mail.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-6811-5793СеменовМ. В.SemenovM. V.

Семенов Михаил В.

119017, Москва, Пыжевский пер, 7, стр. 2

Mikhail V.  Semenov

7 Bld. 2 Pyzhevskiy per., Moscow 119017 

mikhail.v.semenov@gmail.comhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-7977-2358КутоваяО. В.KutovayaO. V.

Кутовая Ольга В.

119017, Москва, Пыжевский пер, 7, стр. 2

Olga V. Kutovaya

7 Bld. 2 Pyzhevskiy per., Moscow 119017 

langobard@mail.ruКрысановС. А.KrisanovS. A.

Крысанов Семен А.

163002, Архангельск, Набережная Северной Двины, 17

Semen A. Krisanov

17 Naberezhnaya Severnaya Dvina, Arkhangelsk 163002

s.krisanov@narfu.ruhttps://orcid.org/0009-0001-6488-1471ГригорьеваИ. И.GrigorevaI. I.

Григорьева Ирина И.

119017, Москва, Пыжевский пер, 7, стр. 2

Irina I. Grigoreva

7 Bld. 2 Pyzhevskiy per., Moscow 119017 

ira.grigoreva.01@bk.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-1564-5365ДанилинИ. В.DanilinI. V.

Данилин Игорь В.

119017, Москва, Пыжевский пер, 7, стр. 2

Igor V. Danilin

7 Bld. 2 Pyzhevskiy per., Moscow 119017 

danilin.i@mail.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-1589-9875ИвановаЕ. А.IvanovaE. A.

119017, Москва, Пыжевский пер, 7, стр. 2

7 Bld. 2 Pyzhevskiy per., Moscow 119017 

ФИЦ “Почвенный институт им. В.В. Докучаева”РоссияFederal Research Centre “V.V. Dokuchaev Soil Science Institute”Russian FederationФГАОУ ВО “Северный (Арктический) федеральный университет имени М.В. Ломоносова”РоссияFGAOU VO “Northern (Arctic) Federal University named after M.V. Lomonosov”Russian Federation2025200920250124"Почвенное органическое вещество"224253Copyright © Холодов В.А., Зиганшина А.Р., Данченко Н.Н., Никитин Д.А., Данилова-Данильян Е.А., Семенов М.В., Кутовая О.В., Крысанов С.А., Григорьева И.И., Данилин И.В., Иванова Е.А., 20252025Холодов В.А., Зиганшина А.Р., Данченко Н.Н., Никитин Д.А., Данилова-Данильян Е.А., Семенов М.В., Кутовая О.В., Крысанов С.А., Григорьева И.И., Данилин И.В., Иванова Е.А.Kholodov V.A., Ziganshina A.R., Danchenko N.N., Nikitin D.A., Danilova-Danilyan E.A., Semenov M.V., Kutovaya O.V., Krisanov S.A., Grigoreva I.I., Danilin I.V., Ivanova E.A.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://bulletin.esoil.ru/jour/article/view/933

 В настоящее время актуальна проблема восстановления потенциала обрабатываемых земель Нечерноземья России. В связи с этим важно изучение основных факторов, влияющих на плодородие и устойчивость почв этой зоны. Одним из ведущих факторов, оказывающих влияние на плодородие, равновесие и устойчивость почв, является органическое вещество (ОВ). Его наиболее активная и лабильная во времени и пространстве составляющая – растворенное органическое вещество (РОВ). РОВ активно взаимодействует с живым веществом почв и взаимосвязано с проявлениями биологической активности (БА). Целью работы было оценить оптические свойства водоэкстрагируемого органического вещества (ВЭОВ) и выявить связь с БА агродерново-подзолистых почв под основными сельскохозяйственными культурами с разным фоном элементов минерального питания. Для характеристики оптических свойств использовали спектры поглощения и флуоресценции. БА оценивали по базальному и субстрат-индуцированному дыханию. В результате показано, что оптические свойства ВЭОВ во многом зависят от структуры микробного сообщества. При этом содержание углерода в  ВЭОВ зависело от уровня БА, которая, в свою очередь, во многом определялась присутствием минеральных элементов питания. Внесение удобрений стимулировало микроорганизмы к переработке ОВ. При этом ВЭОВ становилось более разнообразно и более гумусированно.

Presently the problem of restoring the potential of cultivated lands in the Non-Chernozem Region of Russia is quite relevant. Thus, it is pointful to study the main factors influencing the fertility and stability of the soils in this zone. One of the leading factors altering the fertility, equilibrium, and stability of soils is organic matter. Its most active and labile in time and space component is dissolved organic matter. Dissolved organic matter actively interacts with living matter in soils and is interconnected with manifestations of biological activity. The aim of the work was to evaluate the optical properties of water-extractable organic matter (WEOM) and to reveal the relationship with the biological activity of sod-podzolic soils under different crops with different backgrounds of mineral nutrition elements. Absorption and fluorescence spectra were used to characterize the optical properties. Biological activity was evaluated by basal and substrate-induced respiration. As a result, it was shown that WEOM optical properties largely depend on the structure of the microbial community. At the same time, WEOM carbon content depended on the level of microbial activity, which, in turn, was largely determined by the presence of mineral nutrition elements. Fertilizer application stimulated microorganisms to process organic matter. At the same time, WEOM became more diverse and more humified.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.