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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">esoil</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Бюллетень Почвенного института имени В.В. Докучаева</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Dokuchaev Soil Bulletin</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">0136-1694</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2312-4202</issn><publisher><publisher-name>V.V. Dokuchaev Soil Science Institute</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.19047/0136-1694-2025-126-230-269</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">esoil-968</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Статьи</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Влияние высокопористых биоуглей на свойства тепличных торфяных субстратов</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>The effect of highly porous biochar on the properties of greenhouse peat substrates</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Дрягина</surname><given-names>А. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Dryagina</surname><given-names>A. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>625003, Тюмень, ул. Володарского, 6</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>6 Volodarskogo Str., Tyumen 625003</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4877-1536</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Пономарев</surname><given-names>К. О.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Ponomarev</surname><given-names>K. O.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Пономарев Константин Олегович.</p><p>625003, Тюмень, ул. Володарского, 6</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>6 Volodarskogo Str., Tyumen 625003</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">k.o.ponomarev@utmn.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кремлева</surname><given-names>Т. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kremleva</surname><given-names>T. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>625003, Тюмень, ул. Володарского, 6</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>6 Volodarskogo Str., Tyumen 625003</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Елина</surname><given-names>Е. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Elina</surname><given-names>E. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>625003, Тюмень, ул. Володарского, 6</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>6 Volodarskogo Str., Tyumen 625003</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шулаев</surname><given-names>Н. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Shulaev</surname><given-names>N. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>625003, Тюмень, ул. Володарского, 6</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>6 Volodarskogo Str., Tyumen 625003</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Хайнак</surname><given-names>Л. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Khainak</surname><given-names>L. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>625003, Тюмень, ул. Володарского, 6</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>6 Volodarskogo Str., Tyumen 625003</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Тюменский государственный университет</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>University of Tyumen</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>07</day><month>01</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>126</issue><fpage>230</fpage><lpage>269</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Дрягина А.А., Пономарев К.О., Кремлева Т.А., Елина Е.И., Шулаев Н.А., Хайнак Л.М., 2026</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2026</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Дрягина А.А., Пономарев К.О., Кремлева Т.А., Елина Е.И., Шулаев Н.А., Хайнак Л.М.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Dryagina A.A., Ponomarev K.O., Kremleva T.A., Elina E.I., Shulaev N.A., Khainak L.M.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://bulletin.esoil.ru/jour/article/view/968">https://bulletin.esoil.ru/jour/article/view/968</self-uri><abstract><p>Торф является ключевым компонентом субстратов в тепличном хозяйстве, и улучшение его свойств за счет добавления органических компонентов является распространенной практикой. В этом исследовании сравниваются высокопористые биоугли из скорлупы кедровых орехов, полученные в условиях медленного пиролиза и при высокой температуре с последующей активацией, в качестве добавок, частично заменяющих торф в субстратах. Установлено содержание углерода и степень разложения органического вещества в торфяных смесях с биоуглями различных концентраций (10% и 20% об.) и форм (измельченная и неизмельченная). Установлено, что 20% измельченного биоугля приводят к наибольшему росту соотношения C/N, что обычно наблюдается в неосушенных или более глубоких слоях торфа, указывая на большую интенсивность гумификации, наилучшим образом стимулируя микробную активность, но свидетельствуя о возможном снижении доступности азота для растений. Определены концентрации макро- и микроэлементов в смесевых торфяных субстратах. Результаты показали, что внесение измельченного активированного биоугля (10–20% об.) в торф значительно увеличивает в субстрате концентрацию ключевых макроэлементов, таких как фосфор, калий и кальций в 4.9–5.9, 3.3–3.9, 1.7–1.8 раза соответственно, что свидетельствует о перспективности активированного биоугля для улучшения питательных свойств торфяных субстратов. Особое внимание уделено анализу влияния биоуглей на содержание тяжелых металлов и неметаллов, который подтвердил потенциальную эффективность и экологическую безопасность их использования. Полученные данные свидетельствуют о возможности частичной замены торфа высокопористыми биоуглями, особенно в измельченной форме, что может способствовать повышению урожайности и устойчивости растений к стрессовым условиям.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Peat is a key component of substrates in greenhouse cultivation, and enhancing its properties through the addition of organic components is a common practice. This study compares highly porous biochars derived from pine nut shells, produced under slow pyrolysis and high-temperature conditions with subsequent activation, as additives partially replacing peat in substrates. The carbon content and degree of organic matter decomposition were determined in peat mixtures with biochars of different concentrations (10% and 20% by volume) and forms (ground and unground). It was found that 20% ground biochar leads to the greatest increase in the C/N ratio, typically observed in undrained or deeper peat layers, indicating a higher intensity of humification that optimally stimulates microbial activity, yet suggesting a possible reduction in nitrogen availability for plants. The concentrations of macro- and micronutrients in mixed peat substrates were determined. The results showed that the addition of ground activated biochar (10–20% by volume) significantly increases the concentration of key macronutrients in the substrate, such as phosphorus, potassium, and calcium by factors of 4.9–5.9, 3.3–3.9, and 1.7–1.8, respectively, demonstrating the promising potential of activated biochar for improving the nutrient properties of peat substrates. Particular attention was paid to analyzing the impact of biochars on the content of heavy metals and non-metals, confirming their potential effectiveness and environmental safety. The data obtained suggest the possibility of partially replacing peat with highly porous biochars, especially in ground form, which may contribute to increased crop yields and enhanced plant resistance to stress conditions.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>активированный биоуголь</kwd><kwd>пористость</kwd><kwd>сорбционная способность</kwd><kwd>элементный состав субстрата</kwd><kwd>тяжелые металлы</kwd><kwd>экологическая безопасность</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>activated biochar</kwd><kwd>porosity</kwd><kwd>sorption capacity</kwd><kwd>elemental composition of substrate</kwd><kwd>heavy metals</kwd><kwd>environmental safety</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Комплексные исследования характеристик биоуглей проведены в рамках Госзадания № FEWZ-2024-0013 (Научно-технические основы и прикладные решения ресурсоэффективной термической переработки органического сырья с получением продуктов с высокой добавленной стоимостью для энергетической, металлургической и сельскохозяйственной отраслей). Исследование макро- и микроэлементного состава торфяных субстратов выполнено при финансовой поддержке Российского научного фонда в рамках проекта № 23-76-01011 “Разработка высокопродуктивного субстрата с использованием биоугольных мелиорантов из термически переработанного органического сырья для выращивания микрозелени и овощной низкорослой продукции” (https://rscf.ru/project/23-76-01011/). Авторы искренне выражают благодарность Центру коллективного пользования “Рациональное природопользование и физико-химические исследования” Тюменского государственного университета за неоценимую поддержку в проведении аналитических исследований.</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">Comprehensive studies of biochar characteristics were carried out under State assignment No. FEWZ-2024-0013 (Scientific and technical foundations and applied solutions for resource-efficient thermal processing of organic raw materials to produce high value-added products for the energy, metallurgical and agricultural industries). The research of macro- and microelement composition of peat substrates was financially supported by the Russian Science Foundation under Project No. 23-76-01011 “Development of a high-yield substrate using biochar ameliorants from thermally processed organic raw materials for growing microgreens and low-growth vegetable products” (https://rscf.ru/project/23-76-01011/). The authors sincerely express their gratitude to the Research Resource Center “Rational Nature Management and Physico-Chemical Research” of the Tyumen State University for invaluable support in carrying out analytical studies.</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Акимова А.С. Круговорот соединений фосфора в почве // Международный научно-исследовательский журнал. 2023. Т. 134. № 8. С. 1–4. 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