esoilБюллетень Почвенного института имени В.В. ДокучаеваDokuchaev Soil Bulletin0136-16942312-4202V.V. Dokuchaev Soil Science Institute10.19047/0136-1694-2025-124-184-223esoil-971Research ArticleСпециальный номер "Органическое вещество почв"Special Issue "Soil Organic Matter"Лабильные и стабильные компоненты органического вещества в почвах агроландшафтовLabile and stable organic matter components in agricultural soilshttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-9781-9351АртемьеваЗ. С.ArtemyevaZ. S.

Артемьева Зинаида Семеновна, вед. н.с.

119017, Москва, Пыжевский пер, 7, стр. 2

Zinaida S. Artemyev

7 Bld. 2 Pyzhevskiy per., Moscow 119017

 

artemyevazs@mail.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-0565-2812КогутБ. М.KogutB. M.

Когут Борис Маратович, глав. н.с.

119017, Москва, Пыжевский пер, 7, стр. 2

Boris M. Kogut 

7 Bld. 2 Pyzhevskiy per., Moscow 119017

kogutb@mail.ruФИЦ “Почвенный институт им. В.В. Докучаева”РоссияFederal Research Centre “V.V. Dokuchaev Soil Science Institute”Russian Federation2025200920250124"Почвенное органическое вещество"184223Copyright © Артемьева З.С., Когут Б.М., 20252025Артемьева З.С., Когут Б.М.Artemyeva Z.S., Kogut B.M.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://bulletin.esoil.ru/jour/article/view/971

Представлен анализ литературы по лабильным и стабильным компонентам органического вещества (ОВ) в почвах земель сельскохозяйственного назначения. К лабильным относятся легкие фракции (ЛФ), выделяемые по плотности частиц (<1.6–1.8 г/см3), а к стабильным – илистые фракции (Ил), выделяемые по размеру частиц (<1–2 мкм). Лабильные компоненты ОВ весьма, а стабильные – мало чувствительны к изменению систем земледелия и землепользования. Вследствие этого соотношение углерода лабильного и стабильного пулов - индекс СЛФ/СИл применяется в качестве индикатора качества ОВ почв агроландшафтов. Для выделения лабильных и стабильных компонентов ОВ применяются физические методы фракционирования почвы, характеризующиеся большой трудоемкостью, и поэтому для массового использования они малопригодны. Предложены теоретически обоснованные экспресс-показатели ОВ, которые возможно рассчитать на основе данных, получаемых с помощью предлагаемого авторами достаточно простого гранулометрического метода фракционирования. Эти экспресс-показатели ОВ (масса и С фракций < и > 10 мкм) будут характеризоваться различной биогеохимической стабильностью, и их применение в целях долгосрочного и оперативного углеродного мониторинга в почвах представляется весьма перспективным. Рекомендована экспериментальная апробация теоретически аргументированных упрощенных показателей с целью выявления среди них корректных индикаторов, наиболее адекватно отражающих влияние природных и антропогенных факторов в различных временных масштабах на качество ОВ почв.

The article presents an analysis of the literature on labile and stable components of organic matter (OM) in agricultural soils. The labile components include light fractions (LF) identified by particle density (< 1.8 g·cm-3), while the stable components include clay fractions (Clay) identified by particle size (<1–2 μm). Labile components of OM are very sensitive, while stable components are insensitive to changes in farming and land use systems. As a result, the ratio of carbon in the labile and stable pools, the CLF/CClay ratio, is used as an indicator of the OM quality in agricultural landscapes. Physical soil fractionation methods used to isolate labile and stable components of OM are laborious and, therefore, not suitable for regional and global scale studies. The proposed theoretically substantiated express indicators of OM can be obtained using the proposed fairly simple granulometric fractionation method. These express indicators of OM will be characterized by different biogeochemical stability and their application for long-term and operational carbon monitoring in soils seems very promising. Experimental verification of theoretically justified simplified indicators is recommended in order to identify among them the correct indicators that most adequately reflect the impact of native and anthropogenic factors on the soil OM quality at different time scales.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.