esoilБюллетень Почвенного института имени В.В. ДокучаеваDokuchaev Soil Bulletin0136-16942312-4202V.V. Dokuchaev Soil Science Institute10.19047/0136-1694-2026-127-126-159esoil-987Research ArticleСтатьиБактериальные сообщества “подвешенных почв” заповедников ВьетнамаBacterial communities of “suspended soils” of Vietnam national reserveshttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-9546-7046КнязеваА. В.KniazevaA. V.

119991, Москва, Ленинские горы, 1 

142290, Московская обл., г. Пущино, пр-т Науки, д.5 

1 Leninskie Gori, Moscow 119991 

5 Nauki Ave., Pushchino 142290, Moscow Region 

aknyazeva1999@gmail.comЛысакЛ. В.LysakL. V.

119991, Москва, Ленинские горы, 1

1 Leninskie Gori, Moscow 119991 

lvlysak@mail.ruЧепцовВ. С.CheptsovV. S.

119991, Москва, Ленинские горы, 1

1 Leninskie Gori, Moscow 119991 

cheptcov.vladimir@gmail.comАлександроваА. В.AleksandrovaA. V.

119991, Москва, Ленинские горы, 1

Ханой, Вьетнам 

1 Leninskie Gori, Moscow 119991 

44 Nguyen Van Huyen Str, Hanoi, Vietnam 

alina-alex2011@yandex.ruМГУ им. М.В. Ломоносова ; Институт биохимии и физиологии микроорганизмов им. Г.К. Скрябина РАНРоссияLomonosov Moscow State University ; Scriabin Institute of Biochemistry and Physiology of Microorganisms, Russian Academy of SciencesRussian FederationМГУ им. М.В. ЛомоносоваРоссияLomonosov Moscow State UniversityRussian FederationМГУ им. М.В. Ломоносова ; Совместный Российско-Вьетнамский Тропический научно-технический и технологический центрРоссияLomonosov Moscow State University ; Joint Vietnam–Russia Tropical Science and Technology Research CenterRussian Federation2026130420260127126159Copyright © Князева А.В., Лысак Л.В., Чепцов В.С., Александрова А.В., 20262026Князева А.В., Лысак Л.В., Чепцов В.С., Александрова А.В.Kniazeva A.V., Lysak L.V., Cheptsov V.S., Aleksandrova A.V.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://bulletin.esoil.ru/jour/article/view/987

Получена комплексная характеристика прокариотных сообществ “подвешенных почв (почвоподобных тел/солоидов)”, формирующихся в корзинках эпифитных папоротников (Drynaria sp. и Asplenium sp.,) на территории заповедников Вьетнама (Пухоат, Контьыранг, Сонгтхань, Тэйзянг и Суанльен). Показатели общей численности бактерий (прямой микроскопический метод) варьировали от 1.5 до 5 млрд клеток / г субстрата, длина актиномицетного мицелия изменялась от 494 до 690 м/г субстрата. Среди культивируемых сапротрофных бактерий доминировали представители актиномицетов. По результатам метабаркодинга в сообществе доминировали филумы Pseudomonadota, Actinomycetota и Acidobacteriota. Ряд родов бактерий, выявленных методом баркодинга гена 16S рРНК, относился к типично почвенным бактериям, способным к деструкции сложных органических соединений. Максимальное родовое разнообразие было обнаружено среди представителей филума Pseudomonadota, среди родов филума Actinomycetota наблюдалось меньшее разнообразие. Среди филума Pseudomonadota широко представлены роды бактерий, способные к активной фиксации атмосферного азота и синтезу биологически активных соединений. Полученный пул информации о разнообразии прокариотного микробиома “подвешенных почв” позволит сформировать представление о функционировании данного субстрата и указывает на высокий биотехнологический потенциал бактерий, обитающих в этом биотопе.

A comprehensive characteristic of prokaryotic communities of “suspended soils (soil-like bodies/solids)” formed in the roots of epiphytic ferns (Drynaria sp. and Asplenium sp.) in the territory of the Vietnamese nature reserves (Pu Hoat, Con Chu Rang, Song Thanh, Tay Giang and Xuan Lien) was obtained. The total number of bacteria (direct microscopic method) varied from 1.5 to 5 billion cells/g of substrate, the length of actinomycete mycelium varied from 494 to 690 m/g of substrate. Among the cultivated saprotrophic bacteria, representatives of actinomycetes dominated. According to the results of metabarcoding, the community was dominated by the phyla Pseudomonadota, Actinomycetota and Acidobacteriota. A number of bacterial genera identified by the 16S rRNA gene barcoding method belonged to typical soil bacteria capable of degrading complex organic compounds. The maximum generic diversity was found among representatives of the phylum Pseudomonadota, while less diversity was observed among the genera of the phylum Actinomycetota. Among the phylum Pseudomonadota, bacterial genera capable of actively fixing atmospheric nitrogen and synthesizing biologically active compounds are widely represented. The obtained pool of information on the diversity of the prokaryotic microbiome of “suspended soils” will allow us to form an idea of the functioning of this substrate and indicates a high biotechnological potential of the bacteria living in this biotope. 

эпифитные папоротникиВьетнампрокариотымикробное разнообразиебактериальный метагеномepiphytic fernsVietnamprokaryotesmicrobial diversitybacterial metagenomeПредставленное исследование, в частности культивирование микроорганизмов и прямая микроскопия с применением люминесцентных красителей, проведено по Государственному заданию МГУ (№ 121040800174-6, № 121032300081-7). Часть работы выполнена при финансовой поддержке Министерства науки и высшего образования Российской Федерации (Госзадание №FMRM-2026-0015). Также литературный обзор проведен в рамках Программы развития Междисциплинарной научно-образовательной школы МГУ имени М.В. Ломоносова “Будущее планеты и глобальные изменения окружающей среды”. Высокопроизводительное секвенирование проведено при частичной финансовой поддержке Программы НТР РФ “Анализ микробиомов растений и беспозвоночных животных экстремальных мест обитания с целью разработки штаммов-продуцентов новых метаболитов и ферментов” (договор № 075-15-2021-1396). Авторы статьи выражают огромную благодарность сотрудникам Российско-Вьетнамского Тропического центра и сотрудникам заповедников Вьетнама за всестороннюю помощь и поддержку при проведении полевых работ.The presented study, in particular, the cultivation of microorganisms and direct microscopy using luminescent dyes, was carried out according to the State Assignment of Moscow State University (№ 121040800174-6, № 121032300081-7). Part of this work was financially supported by the Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Russian Federation, research topic № FMRM-2026-0015.The literary review was also conducted as part of the Program for the Development of the Interdisciplinary Scientific and Educational School of Lomonosov Moscow State University “The Future of the planet and global Environmental Changes". 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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.