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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">esoil</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Бюллетень Почвенного института имени В.В. Докучаева</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Dokuchaev Soil Bulletin</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">0136-1694</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2312-4202</issn><publisher><publisher-name>V.V. Dokuchaev Soil Science Institute</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.19047/0136-1694-2026-127-189-211</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">esoil-993</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Статьи</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Новый методический подход к автоматизированному мониторингу дыхания почвы в полевых условиях</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>A new methodical approach to automated monitoring of soil respiration in the field</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3483-3372</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Смагин</surname><given-names>А. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Smagin</surname><given-names>A. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>119991, Москва, Ленинские горы, 1, 12 </p><p>143030, МО, Успенское, ул. Советская, 21 </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>12/1 Leninskie Gori, Moscow 119991 </p><p>12 Sovetskaya, 143030 Uspenskoe St., Moscow Region </p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">smagin@list.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Садовникова</surname><given-names>Н. Б.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Sadovnikova</surname><given-names>N. B.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>119991, Москва, Ленинские горы, 1, 12 </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>12/1 Leninskie Gori, Moscow 119991</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Сухоруков</surname><given-names>С. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Sukhorukov</surname><given-names>S. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>143030, МО, Успенское, ул. Советская, 21 </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>12 Sovetskaya, 143030 Uspenskoe St., Moscow Region</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Беляева</surname><given-names>Е. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Belyaeva</surname><given-names>E. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>143030, МО, Успенское, ул. Советская, 21 </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>12 Sovetskaya, 143030 Uspenskoe St., Moscow Region</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Корчагина</surname><given-names>К. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Korchagina</surname><given-names>K. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>143030, МО, Успенское, ул. Советская, 21 </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>12 Sovetskaya, 143030 Uspenskoe St., Moscow Region</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2543-3219</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Касимов</surname><given-names>А. Р.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kacimov</surname><given-names>A. R.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Al-Khod 123, PO Box 34 </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Al-Khod 123, PO Box 34 </p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">anvar@squ.edu.om</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-4"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>МГУ им. М.В. Ломоносова ; Институт лесоведения РАН</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Lomonosov Moscow State University ; Institute of Forest Sciences of the Russian Academy of Sciences</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>МГУ им. М.В. Ломоносова</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Lomonosov Moscow State University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Институт лесоведения РАН</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Institute of Forest Sciences of the Russian Academy of Sciences</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-4"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Sultan Qaboos University</institution><country>Оман</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Sultan Qaboos University</institution><country>Oman</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2026</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>13</day><month>04</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>127</issue><fpage>189</fpage><lpage>211</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Смагин А.В., Садовникова Н.Б., Сухоруков С.В., Беляева Е.А., Корчагина К.В., Касимов А.Р., 2026</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2026</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Смагин А.В., Садовникова Н.Б., Сухоруков С.В., Беляева Е.А., Корчагина К.В., Касимов А.Р.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Smagin A.V., Sadovnikova N.B., Sukhorukov S.V., Belyaeva E.A., Korchagina K.V., Kacimov A.R.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://bulletin.esoil.ru/jour/article/view/993">https://bulletin.esoil.ru/jour/article/view/993</self-uri><abstract><p>Актуальность полевого мониторинга почвенного дыхания не вызывает сомнений и определяется значимостью этого процесса в оценке биологической активности почв и углеродного цикла наземных экосистем. Из-за доминирования ручных измерений плохо исследованы закономерности суточной и сезонной динамики почвенного дыхания, особенно в ночные часы и холодное время года. Работа использует новый подход, позволивший полностью автоматизировать полевой мониторинг почвенного дыхания с целью выявления закономерностей его разномасштабной динамики в годовом цикле. Ноу-хау подхода заключалось в использовании периодически продуваемых атмосферным воздухом почвенных камер со встроенными бюджетными СО2-логгерами HT-401/5, регистрирующими динамику концентраций СО2 каждую минуту. Продувка атмосферным воздухом выводила концентрацию СО2 в камере на фоновый уровень, после чего компрессор выключался, и логгер записывал тренд накопления СО2 вследствие почвенного дыхания, использующийся для стандартного расчета потока СО2 по линейной модели для закрытой камеры. Результаты непрерывного автоматического мониторинга потоков СО2 на стационарном объекте Института лесоведения РАН в Серебряноборском опытном лесничестве на окультуренной дерново-подзолистой супесчаной почве (loamy sand Cambisol) под посадками голубой ели (Picea pungens, Engelm.) в течение 2024–2025 гг. с двумя холодными сезонами показали значимость ночного почвенного дыхания в суточном цикле и дыхания в холодный период года с ноября по март в годовом цикле, а также роль температурного фактора в разномасштабной динамике почвенного дыхания, что представляет интерес для прогнозных эмпирических моделей этого процесса в условиях меняющегося климата.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The relevance of field monitoring of soil respiration is beyond doubt and is determined by the significance of this process in assessing the biological activity of soils and the carbon cycle of terrestrial ecosystems. Due to the dominance of manual measurements, the patterns of daily and seasonal dynamics of soil respiration, especially at night and in the cold season, are poorly understood. The work uses a new approach that allows fully automating field monitoring of soil respiration in order to identify patterns of its multi-scale dynamics in the annual cycle. The know-how of the approach consisted in using soil chambers periodically purged with atmospheric air with built-in low-cost CO2 loggers HT-401/5, recording the dynamics of CO2 concentrations every minute. Purging with atmospheric air brought the chamber concentration of CO2 to the background level, after which the compressor was turned off, and the logger recorded the trend of CO2 accumulation due to soil respiration, used for the standard calculation of the CO2 flux according to the linear model for a closed chamber. The results of continuous automatic monitoring of CO2 fluxes at the stationary site of the Institute of Forest Science of the Russian Academy of Sciences in the Serebryanobor experimental forestry on cultivated sod-podzolic sandy loam soil (loamy sand Cambisol) under blue spruce (Picea pungens, Engelm.) during 2024–2025 with two cold seasons showed the significance of night soil respiration in the daily cycle and respiration in the cold period of the year from November to March in the annual cycle, as well as the role of the temperature factor in multi-scale dynamics of soil respiration, which is of interest for predictive empirical models of this process in a changing climate.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>диоксид углерода</kwd><kwd>газообмен почвы</kwd><kwd>суточная и сезонная динамика</kwd><kwd>автоматизированный газовый мониторинг</kwd><kwd>NDIR-газоанализаторы</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>carbon dioxide</kwd><kwd>soil gas exchange</kwd><kwd>daily and seasonal dynamics</kwd><kwd>automated gas monitoring</kwd><kwd>NDIR gas analyzers</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Исследование выполнено при поддержке междисциплинарного гранта РНФ № 23-64-10002 (разработка методологии, моделей, приобретение оборудования и реализация высокочастотного С-мониторинга на объекте ИЛАН РАН); литературный обзор и статистическая обработка данных проведены в МГУ в рамках темы № 121040800146-3 государственного задания Минобрнауки РФ “Физические основы экологических функций почв: технологии мониторинга, прогноза и управления”. Также авторы благодарны за оперативное и высокопрофессиональное рецензирование рукописи с ценными замечаниями для ее улучшения.</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">This study was supported by the Russian Science Foundation's interdisciplinary grant No. 23-64-10002 (development of methodology and models, acquisition of equipment, and implementation of high-frequency Cmonitoring at the ILAN RAS facility). The literature review and statistical data processing were conducted at Moscow State University as part of the project No. 121040800146-3 of the State Assignment of the Ministry of Education and Science of the Russian Federation “Physical Foundations of Ecological Functions of Soils: Monitoring, Forecasting, and Management Technologies”. 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