Soil quality indicators of arable lands in the Russian Federation
https://doi.org/10.19047/0136-1694-2020-104-31-67
Abstract
The study presents three groups of Soil Quality Indicators (SQI) of arable lands in the Russian Federation, such as agroclimate conditions, soil parameters and negative soil characteristics. The selection of SQI meets the requirements of the crop growth model for calculating the standard crop yield. The application of SQI in the Grain Equivalent Model allows ranking quality of the soils of agricultural lands in the country. The share of the best quality Chernozems with the standard yield of grain crops exceeding 4 t/ha is about 10%. At the same time, arable Chernozems occupy nearly 66% of total area of agricultural lands. More than 74% of the arable lands including podzolized and leached Chernozems in the northern part and Chernozems southern in the southern part of the agricultural zone are characterized by medium quality with the standard yield of grain crops 2-4 t/ha. About 10% of the arable land occupied by Chestnut solonetzic and saline soils are of poorer quality with the standard yield of grain crops less than 1 t/ha. The proposed indicators are included in the government programs for valuating and monitoring the quality of agricultural lands. The universal validity of indicators is a basis for the development of a new generation of standards for the protection and rational use of soils based on modern digital technologies and GIS approaches.
About the Authors
V. S. Stolbovoy
Federal Research Centre V.V. Dokuchaev Soil Science Institute
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
7 Bld. 2 Pyzhevskiy per., Moscow 119017
A. M. Grebennikov
Federal Research Centre V.V. Dokuchaev Soil Science Institute
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
7 Bld. 2 Pyzhevskiy per., Moscow 119017
References
1. Bogatvrev L.G., Maslov M.N., Benediktova A.I., Makarov M.I., Kust G.S. (Ed.), Otsenka pochv i zemel' (osnovnye pokazateli i kriterii) (Assessment of soils and lands (main indicators and criteria)), Moscow: MAKS Press, 2017, 192 p.
2. GOST 26213-91. Pochvy. Metody opredeleniya organicheskogo veshchestva (Soils. Methods for the determination of organic matter).
3. GOST 12536-2014. Grunty. Metody laboratornogo opredeleniya granulometricheskogo (zernovogo) i mikroagregatnogo sostava (Soils. Methods forlaboratory determination of particle size distribution and micro-aggregate composition.).
4. GOST 26423-85. Pochvy. Metody opredeleniya udel'noi elektricheskoi provodimosti, rN i plotnogo ostatka vodnoi vytyazhki (Soils. Methods for determining the specific electrical conductivity, pH and solid residue of the aqueous extract).
5. GOST 26424-85. Pochvy. Metod opredeleniya ionov karbonata i bikarbonata v vodnoi vytyazhke (Soils. Method for determination of carbonate and bicarbonate ions in an aqueous extract).
6. GOST 26425-85. Pochvy. Metody opredeleniya iona khlorida v vodnoi vytyazhke (Soils. Methods for determination of chloride ion in aqueous extract).
7. GOST 26426-85. Pochvy. Metody opredeleniya iona sul'fata v vodnoi vytyazhke (Soils. Methods for the determination of sulfate ion in aqueous extract).
8. GOST 26427-85. Pochvy. Metod opredeleniya natriya i kaliya v vodnoi vytyazhke (Soils. Method for the determination of sodium and potassium in an aqueous extract).
9. GOST 26428-85. Pochvy. Metody opredeleniya kal'tsiya i magniya v vod-noi vytyazhke (Soils. Methods for the determination of calcium and magnesium in an aqueous extract).
10. GOST 26950-86. Pochvy. Metod opredeleniya obmennogo natriya (Soils. Method for the determination of exchangeable sodium).
11. GOST 17.4.4.01-84. Okhrana prirody. Pochvy. Metody opredeleniya emkosti kationnogo obmena (Protection of Nature. Soils. Methods for determining the capacity of cation exchange).
12. GOST 28268-89. Mezhgosudarstvennyi standart. Pochvy. Metody opredeleniya vlazhnosti, maksimal'noi gigroskopicheskoi vlazhnosti i vlazhnosti ustoichivogo zavyadaniya rastenii (Interstate standard. Soils. Methods for determination of moisture content, maximum hygroscopic moisture content and moisture content of sustainable plant wilting).
13. GOST 5180-2015. Grunty. Metody laboratornogo opredeleniya fizi-cheskikh kharakteristik (Soils. Methods for laboratory determination of physical characteristics).
14. Edinyi gosudarstvennyi reestr pochvennykh resursov Rossii. Versiya 1.0. (Unified State Register of Soil Resources of Russia. Version 1.0.), Moscow: V.V. Dokuchaev Soil Science Institute, 2014, 768 p.
15. Ivanov A.L. (Ed.), Kachestvo pochv sel'skokhozyaistvennykh ugodii Rossiiskoi Federatsii (dlya kadastrovoi otsenki sel'skokhozyaistvennykh zemel'). Versiya 1.0 (Soil quality of agricultural land in the Russian Federation (forcadastral valuation of agricultural land). Version 1.0), Moscow: V.V. Dokuchaev Soil Science Institute, 2020, 681 p. (in print).
16. Soil quality - Determination of the effects of pollutants on soil flora - Part 2: Effects of contaminated soil on the emergence and early growth of higher plants (ISO 11269-2:2012); German version EN ISO 11269-2:2013. URL: http://www.gostinfo.ru/catalog/Details/?id=5307547.
17. Kiryushin V.I., Otsenka kachestva zemel' i plodorodiya pochv dlya formi-rovaniya sistem zemledeliya i agrotekhnologii (Assessment of land quality and soil fertility for the formation of farming systems and agricultural technologies), Pochvovedenie, 2007, No. 7, pp. 873-880.
18. Kontseptsiya razvitiya gosudarstvennogo monitoringa zemel' sel'skokho-zyaistvennogo naznacheniya i zemel', ispol'zuemykh dlya vedeniya sel'skogo khozyaistva v sostave zemel' inykh kategorii, i formirovaniya gosudarstven-nykh informatsionnykh resursov ob etikh zemlyakh na period do 2020 g. Rasporyazhenie Pravitel'stva Rossiiskoi Federatsii ot 30.07.2010 № 1292-p. (The concept for the development of state monitoring of agricultural land and land used for agriculture as part of land of other categories, and the formation of state information resources about these lands for the period until 2020. Order of the Government of the Russian Federation of 30.07.2010 No. 1292-r.)
19. Metodicheskie rekomendatsii po otsenke kachestva i klassifikatsii zemel' po ikh prigodnosti dlya ispol'zovaniya v sel'skom khozyaistve. Utverzhdeny Federal'noi sluzhboi zemel'nogo kadastra Rossii (Methodical recommendations for assessing the quality and classification of lands according to their suitability for use in agriculture. Approved by the Federal Land Cadastre Service of Russia), Moscow, 2003, 169 p.
20. Metodicheskie ukazaniya o provedenii gosudarstvennoi kadastrovoi otsen-ki. Prikaz MER RF № 226 ot 12 maya 2017 goda (Guidelines for conducting state cadastral valuation. Order of the Ministry of Economic Development of the Russian Federation No. 226 dated May 12, 2017).
21. Obshchesoyuznaya instruktsiya po pochvennym obsledovaniyam i sostavleniyu krupnomasshtabnykh pochvennykh kart zemlepol'zovaniya (AllUnion instruction on soil surveys and compilation of largescale soil land use maps), Moscow: Kolos, 1973, 48 p.
22. Ogleznev A.K. et al., Spravochnik agroklimaticheskogo otsenochnogo zonirovaniya sub"ektov Rossiiskoi Federatsii (Directory of agroclimatic assessment zoning of the subjects of the Russian Federation), Moscow: Ma-roseika, 2010, 208 p.
23. Ogleznev A.K. et al., Otsenka kachestva i klassifikatsiya zemel' po ikh prigodnosti dlya ispol'zovaniya v sel'skom khozyaistve (prakticheskoe posobie) (Assessment of the quality and classification of lands according to their suitability for use in agriculture (practical guide)), Moscow, 2007, 131 p. 24. Otsenka zemel' Krasnodarskogo kraya. Otchet Kuban'giprozem. T. 2. Kn.
24. Otsenochnye shkaly pochv po produktivnosti (Assessment of the lands of the Krasnodar Territory. Kubangiprozem report. T. 2. Book. 1. Evaluation scales of soil productivity), Krasnodar, 1989.
25. Postanovlenie Pravitel'stva RF ot 13 fevralya 2019 g. № 149 “O razrabotke, ustanovlenii i peresmotre normativov kachestva okruzhayushchei sredy dlya khimicheskikh i fizicheskikh pokazatelei sostoyaniya okruzhayushchei sredy, a takzhe ob utverzhdenii normativnykh dokumentov v oblasti okhrany okruzhayushchei sredy, ustanavlivayushchikh tekhnologicheskie pokazateli nailuchshikh dostupnykh tekhnologii” (Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation of February 13, 2019 No. 149 “On the development, establishment and revision of environmental quality standards for chemical and physical indicators of the state of the environment, as well as on the approval of regulatory documents in the field of environmental protection, establishing technological indicators of the best available technologies”).
26. Prirodno-sel'skokhozyaistvennoe raionirovanie zemel'nogo fonda SSSR (Natural and agricultural zoning of the land fund of the USSR), Moscow: Kolos, 1983, 336 p.
27. Sapozhnikov P.M., Nosov S.I., Gosudarstvennaya kadastrovaya otsenka zemel' sel'skokhozyaistvennogo naznacheniya Rossiiskoi Federatsii (State cadastral valuation of agricultural land in the Russian Federation), Moscow: OOO “NIPKTs VOSKhOD-A”, 2012, 160 p.
28. Stolbovoi V.S., Pochvennye resursy Rossii - sovremennye vyzovy. Materialy po izucheniyu russkikh pochv (Soil resources of Russia - modern challenges. Materials for the study of Russian soils), Sb. nauch. dokl. (Collection of scientific reports), Iss. 11 (38), St-Petersburg, 2018, pp. 24-41.
29. Khitrov N.B., Ponizovsky A.A., Guidance on laboratory methods for studying the ion and salt composition of neutral and alkaline mineral soils, Moscow, 1990, 238 p.
30. Bunemann E.K., Bongiorno G., Bai Z.G., Creamer R.E., De Deyn G., de Goede R. et al., Soil quality - a critical review, Soil Biol. Biochem., 2018, No. 120, pp. 105-125, DOI: 10.1016/j.soilbio.2018.01.030.
31. Global Agroecological Zones (GAEZ v3.0), IIASA, Laxenburg, Austria and FAO, Rome, Italy. 2012.
32. Healthy soils - new EU soil strategy, URL: https://ec.europa.eu/info/law/better-regulation/have-your-say/initiatives/12634-New-EU-Soil-Strategy-healthy-soil-for-a-healthy-life.
33. Nortcliff S., Standardization of soil quality attributes, Agriculture Ecosystems & Environment, 2002, Vol. 88, Iss. 2, pp. 161-168.
34. Soil Health, USDA, National Resources Conservation Service, URL: http://www.nrcs.usda.gov/wps/portal/nrcs/main/soils/health/.
Review
For citations:
Stolbovoy V.S., Grebennikov A.M. Soil quality indicators of arable lands in the Russian Federation. Dokuchaev Soil Bulletin. 2020;(104):31-67. (In Russ.) https://doi.org/10.19047/0136-1694-2020-104-31-67
Views:
937
Email this article 
