Глобальные тренды в исследованиях на основе модели RUSLE: библиометрический анализ с использованием R Biblioshiny и VOSviewer

Эрозия почвы – неизбежный естественный процесс, представляющий серьезную угрозу плодородию почв и управлению земельными ресурсами во всем мире. Основной целью данного исследования был тщательный библиометрический анализ исследований, посвященных широко используемой модели RUSLE для моделирования эрозии почвы, с целью выявления основных тенденций в исследованиях, значимых вкладов и существующих пробелов в знаниях. Для исследования были отобраны статьи на английском языке, опубликованные в базе данных Scopus в период с 1987 по 2024 гг. Анализ был сосредоточен на таких показателях, как наиболее продуктивный год, журналы, авторы, ключевые слова, темы, страны, аффилиации и цитирования. В процессе анализа использовались такие инструменты, как R Biblioshiny, VOSviewer и mapchart.net. Результаты показали, что 2023 г. стал годом с максимальным количеством публикаций по этой теме, а ведущими журналами были Environmental Earth Sciences и Modeling Earth Systems and Environment. Ренард К.Г. и Ли И. стали авторами, опубликовавшими наибольшее число статей, а в поиске чаще всего употреблялось словосочетание “эрозия почвы”. Китай и Индия вышли на первое место, что свидетельствует о более выраженных эрозионных процессах в них по сравнению с другими странами. Кроме того, установлено, что развитие исследований с помощью модели RUSLE можно разделить на три этапа: начальная фаза ограниченного использования (1987–1996 гг.); фаза устойчивого роста (1997–2014 гг.), обусловленная интеграцией ГИС и дистанционного зондирования; и высокопродуктивная фаза (2015 г. – по настоящее время), характеризующаяся технологическим прогрессом и ростом популярности модели во всем мире, особенно в 2023 г. Эти результаты демонстрируют, как возрастает важность современных технологий в повышении точности и масштабируемости моделей эрозии почв. Данный библиометрический анализ предоставляет интерес и дополнительную информацию для будущих исследований с целью развития устойчивого земледелия и эффективного управления земельными ресурсами, методов ведения сельского хозяйства, направленных на предотвращение деградации земель.

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