The comparison of modern climatic conditions and soil salinity in subboreal deserts of Middle Asia (Turanian plain) and Central Asia (Gobi deserts) shows that climate has an effect on salinity of hydromorphic soils. From the other hand, the distribution and degree of salinity of automorphic desert soils are predominantly governed by the distribution of salt-bearing rocks inherited from the previous geologic stages and are not related directly to the modern aridity. This fact allows us to state that the global warming will not promote salinization of automorphic soils of arid regions, except for the soils subjected to aeolian salinization. Climate aridification will provoke soil salinization in hydromorphic conditions.

It is shown, that changes in plant component of natural ecosystems for agricultural development naturally leads to a substantial restructuring regimes, processes, and some properties of chernozems. The approach to arable chernozems as a new component of natural ecosystems (agroecosystems) dictates the principles on which to draw when designing farming practices and farming systems.

At the quantitative level on the basic parameters described in the fertility of the virgin chernozems in zonal-subzonal aspect. The article traces the changes in nitrogen and humus condition at an early stage of development. In terms of reserves of humus and nitrogen chernozems forest steppe and steppe have significant differences: the largest reserves of humus and nitrogen are concentrated in the migration-micellar (typical) chernozems, the lowest - in the texture-carbonate (southern). Scheduled prognosis agroevolution chernozems in the amplification of human impact.

A concept of trophy status of bogs in the soil classifications of Russia and Germany and in WRB is reviewed. A list of plant indicators of trophy status in Khanty-Mansy Pre-Ob region is presented. The specific features of anthropogenic eutrophic peat soil are pH > 4.5 (in topsoil) and meso-eutrophic vegetation, forming eutrophic turf over oligotrophic peat. There are several ways of anthropogenic soil formation as a result of oil production impact.

The variability of the brightness heterogeneities of the open chernozemic soil surface on LANDSAT images obtained in different seasons and different dates of survey were investigated. The brightness of the images (3 band) was unstable and considerably changes from one period of survey to another even within the one season of the year. Obtained results lead to the conclusion that during the automated recognition of soils on the satellite images the analysis of brightness of single image cannot serve as reliable basis for the digital soil mapping.

A comparative analysis of 2D (in thin sections) and 3D (X-ray CT) images allowed obtaining new data about the pore space arrangement in the EL horizon of soddy podzolic soils. The 3D images of the soil mass and the pore space have been made by reconstruction via computer using a great number of 2D shady X-ray projections. It is shown that the EL horizon reveals not only horizontal fissured pores between platy aggregates but also many isolated vesicular pores of unknown genesis. As dinstinct from the podzolic horizon such pores are singly met in the soil-forming mantle loam (C horizon). The major pores with rounded edges are represented by recent and relic root holes. The obtained data serve as an additional information on the podzolic horizon configuration in soddy podzolic soils on the whole and the pore space in these horizons in particular. Thanks to this study iy is reasonable to conclude that the information on genetic differences in the configuration of pedogenic and lithogenic horizons of the soddy podzolic soils is expanded.

Under discussion are basic concepts, methods and prerequisites for applying in pedology such a general science as tectology founded by A.A. Bogdanov, an eminent Russian scientist, in the early 20th century. Tectological, i.e.organizational approach proved to be efficient in formalization, in cartographic and attributive description of soil objects and in elaboration of the classification structure. A new conception is universal in its application and many aspects of soil science may be considered in tectological context (systems, structures). However, there is a weak spot in formalization of concepts, what has been implemented by theoretic-plural means, multidimensional statistics and claster analysis.